Kuznetsova Aleksandra A, Kuznetsov Nikita A
Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 8 Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Sep 30;10(10):1150. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10101150.
DNA-dependent DNA polymerases have been intensively studied for more than 60 years and underlie numerous biotechnological and diagnostic applications. In vitro, DNA polymerases are used for DNA manipulations, including cloning, PCR, site-directed mutagenesis, sequencing, and others. Understanding the mechanisms of action of DNA polymerases is important for the creation of new enzymes possessing improved or modified properties. This review is focused on archaeal family B DNA polymerases. These enzymes have high fidelity and thermal stability and are finding many applications in molecular biological methods. Nevertheless, the search for and construction of new DNA polymerases with altered properties is constantly underway, including enzymes for synthetic biology. This brief review describes advances in the development of family B DNA polymerases for PCR, synthesis of xeno-nucleic acids, and reverse transcription.
依赖DNA的DNA聚合酶已经被深入研究了60多年，并且是众多生物技术和诊断应用的基础。在体外，DNA聚合酶用于DNA操作，包括克隆、聚合酶链反应（PCR）、定点诱变、测序等。了解DNA聚合酶的作用机制对于创建具有改进或修饰特性的新酶很重要。本综述聚焦于古菌B族DNA聚合酶。这些酶具有高保真度和热稳定性，并且在分子生物学方法中有许多应用。然而，寻找和构建具有改变特性的新DNA聚合酶的工作一直在进行，包括用于合成生物学的酶。这篇简短的综述描述了用于PCR、异核酸合成和逆转录的B族DNA聚合酶的开发进展。
