Torres Giovanni Barrera, Hiranobe Carlos T, da Silva Erivaldo Antonio, Cardim Guilherme P, Cardim Henrique P, Cabrera Flavio C, Lozada Elizabeth R, Gutierrez-Aguilar Carlos M, Sánchez Juan C, Carvalho Jaime A Jaramillo, Job Aldo E, Santos Renivaldo J
Industrial Design Engineering Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Metropolitan Institute of Technology (ITM), Medellín 050036, Colombia.
School of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Oct 21;15(20):4183. doi: 10.3390/polym15204183.
Nowadays, biocomposites represent a new generation of materials that are environmentally friendly, cost-effective, low-density, and not derived from petroleum. They have been widely used to protect the environment and generate new alternatives in the polymer industry. In this study, we incorporated untreated jute fibers (UJFs) and alkaline-treated jute fibers (TJFs) at 1-5 and 10 phr into TSR 10 natural rubber as reinforcement fillers. These composites were produced to be used in countersole shoes manufacturing. Untreated fibers were compared to those treated with 10% sodium hydroxide. The alkali treatment allowed the incorporation of fibers without compromising their mechanical properties. The TJF samples exhibited 8% less hardness, 70% more tensile strength, and the same flexibility compared to their pure rubber counterparts. Thanks to their properties and ergonomic appearance, the composites obtained here can be useful in many applications: construction materials (sound insulating boards, and flooring materials), the automotive industry (interior moldings), the footwear industry (shoe soles), and anti-static moldings. These new compounds can be employed in innovative processes to reduce their carbon footprint and negative impact on our planet. Using the Lorenz-Park equation, the loaded composites examined in this study exhibited values above 0.7, which means a competitive load-rubber interaction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the morphology of the composites in detail.
如今，生物复合材料代表了新一代环保、经济高效、低密度且非石油衍生的材料。它们已被广泛用于保护环境，并在聚合物工业中产生新的替代材料。在本研究中，我们将未经处理的黄麻纤维（UJFs）和经碱处理的黄麻纤维（TJFs）分别以1 - 5 phr和10 phr的比例加入到TSR 10天然橡胶中作为增强填料。这些复合材料用于制造鞋底夹层。将未经处理的纤维与用10%氢氧化钠处理过的纤维进行比较。碱处理使得纤维得以加入，同时又不损害其机械性能。与纯橡胶对应物相比，TJF样品的硬度降低了8%，拉伸强度提高了70%，柔韧性相同。由于其性能和符合人体工程学的外观，这里获得的复合材料可用于许多应用：建筑材料（隔音板和地板材料）、汽车工业（内饰件）、制鞋工业（鞋底）和抗静电成型件。这些新化合物可用于创新工艺，以减少其碳足迹和对地球的负面影响。使用洛伦兹 - 帕克方程，本研究中检测的填充复合材料的值高于0.7，这意味着具有竞争性的填料 - 橡胶相互作用。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）详细研究了复合材料的形态。
