Bonilla Vicky, Campoverde Brandon, Yoo Sang Guun
Departamento de Informática y Ciencias de la Computación, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
Smart Lab, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Oct 13;23(20):8440. doi: 10.3390/s23208440.
LoRaWAN is a communication protocol designed especially for Internet of Things (IoT) applications that offers benefits such as long-distance connection and low power consumption. Due to the characteristics of LoRaWAN, this technology has gained great popularity in various IoT applications, such as environmental monitoring, smart agriculture, and applications in the areas of health and mobility, among others. Given this situation, the objective of this work is to provide an in-depth overview of LoRaWAN technology in terms of its applications, as well as the devices that have been used for the development of such applications. Additionally, this work reviews what other areas of LoRaWAN have been covered in different scientific articles, i.e., performance improvement and security. Among the main results of this study though analyzing previous works, we can say that most of them have been developed in the area of environmental monitoring and have used low-cost devices such as Arduinos, Raspberry Pis, and relatively low-cost commercial products such as those of the Semtech and STMicroelectronics brands. The analysis of the present work shows objectively and formally that LoRaWAN technology can be applied in various applications and that there are many studies that try to optimize its performance and security. This paper seeks to identify and describe the most relevant applications of LoRaWAN in different sectors, such as agriculture, health, and environmental monitoring, among others, and the challenges and solutions found in each area. This literature review will provide a valuable reference to understand the potential and opportunities offered by LoRaWAN technology.
LoRaWAN是一种专门为物联网（IoT）应用设计的通信协议，具有长距离连接和低功耗等优点。由于LoRaWAN的特性，这项技术在各种物联网应用中广受欢迎，如环境监测、智能农业以及健康和移动领域的应用等。鉴于这种情况，这项工作的目标是深入概述LoRaWAN技术在其应用方面的情况，以及用于开发此类应用的设备。此外，这项工作还回顾了不同科学文章中涉及的LoRaWAN的其他领域，即性能改进和安全性。通过分析先前的工作，在本研究的主要结果中，我们可以说大多数工作是在环境监测领域开展的，并且使用了低成本设备，如Arduino、Raspberry Pi，以及Semtech和意法半导体等品牌的相对低成本的商业产品。本工作的分析客观且正式地表明，LoRaWAN技术可应用于各种应用，并且有许多研究试图优化其性能和安全性。本文旨在识别和描述LoRaWAN在不同领域（如农业、健康和环境监测等）最相关的应用，以及在每个领域发现的挑战和解决方案。这篇文献综述将为理解LoRaWAN技术提供的潜力和机遇提供有价值的参考。
