医护人员对新冠疫苗的抗体反应：哪种更有效？同源接种还是异源接种？

Antibody Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Healthcare Workers: Which One is More Successful? Homologous or Heterologous?

作者信息

Karakoc Zehra Cagla, Tascioglu Didem, Ediz Bulent, Caglan Musa, Hancer Veysel Sabri, Tugrul Tolga Simru, Simsek Binnur Pinarbasi

机构信息

Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.

Department of Biostatistics, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.

出版信息

Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul. 2023 Jun 20;57(2):216-223. doi: 10.14744/SEMB.2023.48264. eCollection 2023.

DOI:10.14744/SEMB.2023.48264

PMID:37899804

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10600628/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to determine the antibody levels created by COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers and the factors affecting the antibody response.

METHODS

Our research is a single-center, observational study that was prospectively designed and retrospectively analyzed at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, and included 103 healthcare workers who received the three-dose regimen of COVID-19 vaccine. In accordance with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Turkey, the first two doses of CoronaVac vaccine were administered routinely, while the booster dose was given as BioNTech or CoronaVac (heterologous or homologous vaccination) depending on the preference of the volunteers. Antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 were measured in all individuals at different time points (1 month after the second dose of CoronaVac, before the booster dose [BioNTech or CoronaVac] at the fifth month and one month after the booster dose) with AESKULISA® SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG (AESKU DIAGNOSTICS, Wendelsheim, Germany).

RESULTS

The mean age was 39.98±11.31 years, 62.1% of whom were women and 54.4% of them were accompanied by comorbid disease. After two doses of CoronaVac, the antibody titer averaged 49.50±33.15 U/mL in the 1 month (antibody seropositivity 86%) and the antibody titer decreased 24.01±33.48 U/mL (antibody seropositivity 49.5%) at 5 month. The mean antibody titer was found 59.73±60.20 U/ml in those who received the booster dose of homologous and 185.07±46.28 U/mL in those who were heterologous (p<0.001). Antibody levels were detected significantly lower after the booster dose of vaccination in patients with comorbidities (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION

Our study, which reflects the data within the scope of the Turkey Ministry of Health's COVID-19 vaccination program determined that the antibody response after heterologous vaccination is better than in homologous vaccination. Antibody titer level in the 5 month was 50% waned after two doses of inactivated vaccination. It was also shown that factors such as gender, age, body mass index, and smoking did not create a statistically significant difference in homologous and heterologous vaccination, but after the booster dose antibody levels decreased significantly in those with comorbidity.

摘要

目的

我们旨在确定医护人员接种新冠疫苗后产生的抗体水平以及影响抗体反应的因素。

方法

我们的研究是一项单中心观察性研究，在新冠疫情开始时进行前瞻性设计并回顾性分析，纳入了103名接受三剂新冠疫苗接种方案的医护人员。根据土耳其卫生部的建议，常规接种两剂科兴疫苗，而加强针则根据志愿者的偏好给予辉瑞或科兴（异源或同源接种）。在不同时间点（科兴第二剂接种后1个月、第五个月加强针[辉瑞或科兴]接种前以及加强针接种后1个月），使用AESKULISA® SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG（德国温德尔斯海姆的AESKU DIAGNOSTICS公司）对所有个体检测抗SARS-CoV-2抗体滴度。

结果

平均年龄为39.98±11.31岁，其中62.1%为女性，54.4%伴有合并症。两剂科兴疫苗接种后，1个月时抗体滴度平均为49.50±33.15 U/mL（抗体血清阳性率86%），5个月时抗体滴度降至24.01±33.48 U/mL（抗体血清阳性率49.5%）。接受同源加强针者的平均抗体滴度为59.73±60.20 U/ml，接受异源加强针者为185.07±46.28 U/mL（p<0.001）。合并症患者接种加强针后抗体水平显著降低（p<0.05）。