Nelsone Linda, Rafsten Lena, Abzhandadze Tamar, Sunnerhagen Katharina S
Faculty of Residency, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.
Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
Front Neurol. 2023 Oct 10;14:1273864. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1273864. eCollection 2023.
Anxiety is a common complication of stroke, affecting one in every three stroke survivors. Stroke recovery is a dynamic process, with most recovery occurring within the first 3 months. However, how anxiety affects this dynamic remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how anxiety affects perceived recovery at 3 and 12 months after stroke. Additionally we also examined the change in perceived stroke recovery from 3 to 12 months and its relationship with anxiety.
In this longitudinal study patients with stroke were enrolled at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess anxiety, and the Stroke Impact Scale was used to assess perceived recovery 3 and 12 months after the stroke. The difference in perceived stroke recovery between the anxiety and no-anxiety groups at 3 and 12 months was analyzed. Changes in perceived stroke recovery were calculated and trichotomized from 3 to 12 months based on clinically significant positive changes (+10 points or more), clinically important negative changes (-10 points or less), or no changes (±9). At 3 and 12 months after the stroke, negative and positive recovery was compared to no change in recovery regarding anxiety scores.
This study included 99 patients (44.4% female, median age, 77 years). At 3 and 12 months after the stroke, the median recovery score was 80 out of 100. At 3- and 12-months 17.6 and 15.7% of the patients experienced anxiety, respectively. At both time points, there was a significant association between anxiety and lower perceived stroke recovery (at 3 months: < 0.001; and 12 months = 0.002). Among participants with anxiety at 3 or 12 months after stroke, a positive change in recovery from 3 to 12 months was identified (3 months, = 0.004 and 12 months, = 0.0014).
Anxiety symptoms following a stroke are associated with lower levels of perceived stroke recovery for at least 1 year after the stroke. Identifying patients with anxiety early after stroke may be beneficial for identifying those at risk of lower recovery.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier [NCT01622205]. Registered on June 19, 2012 (retrospectively registered).
焦虑是中风常见的并发症，每三名中风幸存者中就有一人受其影响。中风恢复是一个动态过程，大部分恢复发生在最初3个月内。然而，焦虑如何影响这一动态过程尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在调查焦虑如何影响中风后3个月和12个月时的感知恢复情况。此外，我们还研究了中风后3个月至12个月期间感知中风恢复情况的变化及其与焦虑的关系。
在这项纵向研究中，瑞典哥德堡萨尔格伦斯卡大学医院招募了中风患者。采用医院焦虑抑郁量表评估焦虑情况，采用中风影响量表评估中风后3个月和12个月时的感知恢复情况。分析焦虑组和非焦虑组在3个月和12个月时中风感知恢复情况的差异。计算中风后3个月至12个月期间感知中风恢复情况的变化，并根据具有临床意义的积极变化（增加10分或更多）、具有临床重要性的消极变化（减少10分或更少）或无变化（±9分）将其分为三类。在中风后3个月和12个月时，将消极和积极恢复情况与焦虑得分方面的恢复无变化情况进行比较。
本研究纳入了99名患者（女性占44.4%，中位年龄77岁）。中风后3个月和12个月时，恢复得分中位数为满分100分中的80分。在3个月和12个月时，分别有17.6%和15.7%的患者出现焦虑。在两个时间点，焦虑与较低的中风感知恢复情况之间均存在显著关联（3个月时：<0.001；12个月时=0.002）。在中风后3个月或12个月出现焦虑的参与者中，发现从3个月到12个月恢复情况有积极变化（3个月时，=0.004；12个月时，=0.0014）。
中风后的焦虑症状与中风后至少1年内较低的中风感知恢复水平相关。在中风后早期识别出焦虑患者可能有助于确定那些恢复较差风险较高的患者。ClinicalTrials.gov标识符[NCT01622205]。于2012年6月19日注册（追溯注册）。
