Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Mol Cancer Res. 2024 Jan 2;22(1):7-20. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-23-0080.
Humans are in a complex symbiotic relationship with a wide range of microbial organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The evolution and composition of the human microbiome can be an indicator of how it may affect human health and susceptibility to diseases. Microbiome alteration, termed as dysbiosis, has been linked to the pathogenesis and progression of hematological cancers. A variety of mechanisms, including epithelial barrier disruption, local chronic inflammation response trigger, antigen dis-sequestration, and molecular mimicry, have been proposed to be associated with gut microbiota. Dysbiosis may be induced or worsened by cancer therapies (such as chemotherapy and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) or infection. The use of antibiotics during treatment may also promote dysbiosis, with possible long-term consequences. The aim of this review is to provide a succinct summary of the current knowledge describing the role of the microbiome in hematological cancers, as well as its influence on their therapies. Modulation of the gut microbiome, involving modifying the composition of the beneficial microorganisms in the management and treatment of hematological cancers is also discussed. Additionally discussed are the latest developments in modeling approaches and tools used for computational analyses, interpretation and better understanding of the gut microbiome data.
人类与广泛的微生物（包括细菌、病毒和真菌）处于复杂的共生关系中。人类微生物组的进化和组成可以作为其如何影响人类健康和疾病易感性的指标。微生物组的改变，称为失调，与血液系统癌症的发病机制和进展有关。已经提出了多种机制与肠道微生物组有关，包括上皮屏障破坏、局部慢性炎症反应触发、抗原分离和分子模拟。癌症治疗（如化疗和/或造血干细胞移植）或感染可能会导致或加重失调。治疗期间使用抗生素也可能促进失调，并可能产生长期后果。本综述的目的是简要总结目前关于微生物组在血液系统癌症中的作用及其对癌症治疗影响的知识，并讨论调节肠道微生物组，即通过管理和治疗血液系统癌症来改变有益微生物的组成。此外，还讨论了用于计算分析、解释和更好地理解肠道微生物组数据的建模方法和工具的最新进展。
