解决问题技巧在预防自杀行为中的作用：系统评价和荟萃分析。

The role of problem-solving skills in the prevention of suicidal behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, School of Human Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.

Consultation Center, Department of Education, Hamadan, Iran.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2023 Oct 31;18(10):e0293620. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293620. eCollection 2023.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0293620

PMID:37906576

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10617726/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between problem-solving skills and suicidal behaviors and elucidate the potential role of problem-solving skills in influencing the occurrence of suicidal behaviors.

METHODS

PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched until August 16, 2023. Studies addressing the associations between problem-solving skills and suicidal behaviors were included. The I2 statistics were used to examine between-study heterogeneity. The Begg and Egger tests were used to determine the possibility of publication bias. Using a random-effects model, the overall effect size was presented as an odds ratio (OR) or standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS

Of 8040 identified studies, 29 (including 974,542 participants) were eligible. Based on observational studies, problem-solving skills were found to be inversely related to suicidal ideation (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.82); suicide attempts (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.89), and suicide death (OR = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.03). The overall score of problem-solving skills was higher in those who did not attempt suicide than those who did (SMD = 0.84; 95% CI: 54, 1.13). Based on randomized clinical trials, problem-solving therapy was found to reduce the risk of suicide (OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.87). Furthermore, the overall risk of suicide was lower among those who received problem-solving therapy than those who did not (SMD = -0.02; 95% CI: -0.29, 0.25).

CONCLUSIONS

This meta-analysis revealed an inverse association between problem-solving skills and suicidal behaviors. However, further research is needed to better understand the complex relationship between problem-solving skills and suicidal behaviors.

摘要

背景

本荟萃分析旨在评估解决问题的能力与自杀行为之间的关联，并阐明解决问题的能力在影响自杀行为发生中的潜在作用。

方法

检索了 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Scopus，检索时间截至 2023 年 8 月 16 日。纳入了研究解决问题的能力与自杀行为之间关联的研究。使用 I2 统计量评估研究间的异质性。使用 Begg 和 Egger 检验来确定发表偏倚的可能性。使用随机效应模型，以比值比（OR）或标准均数差（SMD）和 95%置信区间（CI）呈现总体效应大小。

结果

在 8040 项鉴定的研究中，有 29 项（包括 974542 名参与者）符合条件。基于观察性研究，发现解决问题的能力与自杀意念呈负相关（OR=0.64；95%CI：0.50，0.82）；自杀企图（OR=0.75；95%CI：0.63，0.89）和自杀死亡（OR=0.02；95%CI：0.01，0.03）。与未尝试自杀的人相比，尝试自杀的人解决问题的能力总评分较高（SMD=0.84；95%CI：54，1.13）。基于随机临床试验，发现解决问题疗法可降低自杀风险（OR=0.51；95%CI：0.29，0.87）。此外，与未接受解决问题疗法的人相比，接受解决问题疗法的人的总体自杀风险较低（SMD=-0.02；95%CI：-0.29，0.25）。