Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Clin Exp Dent Res. 2023 Dec;9(6):1051-1057. doi: 10.1002/cre2.804. Epub 2023 Nov 3.
Physiological changes during pregnancy make mothers susceptible to periodontal diseases, in particular gingivitis, which could be prevented by good oral hygiene. Therefore, their knowledge and attitude could affect their oral hygiene and general health. This study therefore aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding oral hygiene, of pregnant women living in a city in Iran.
It was a cross-sectional study that was performed in Urmia City in 2019. After completing an informed consent form, pregnant women completed a specially designed questionnaire, which included questions on demographic characteristics and assessed participants' knowledge and attitude about oral health care during pregnancy. A clinical examination of each participant's oral cavity was performed and dental plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and number of decayed, missed, filled teeth (DMFT) index were recorded. Any correlations between participants' knowledge and attitude and oral health indices were evaluated. A paired t test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were employed for statistical analysis.
A total of 96 pregnant women (mean age of 29.11 ± 6.80 years) participated in this study. Among them, 67 had a moderate level of knowledge. There was no significant correlation between participants' knowledge, and attitude levels and educational level (p = .88 and p = .43, respectively). Also, there was no correlation between knowledge and attitude levels and GI, PI, and DMFT (p > .05).
This study showed that the knowledge and attitude of the pregnant women who participated were not favorable and their oral hygiene needed to be improved.
怀孕期间的生理变化使母亲易患牙周病，特别是牙龈炎，可以通过良好的口腔卫生来预防。因此，她们的知识和态度可能会影响她们的口腔卫生和整体健康。本研究旨在调查伊朗某城市孕妇的口腔卫生知识、态度和实践情况。
这是 2019 年在乌尔米亚市进行的一项横断面研究。在完成知情同意书后，孕妇填写了一份专门设计的问卷，其中包括关于人口统计学特征的问题，并评估了参与者对怀孕期间口腔保健的知识和态度。对每位参与者的口腔进行临床检查，并记录牙菌斑指数（PI）、牙龈指数（GI）和龋齿、缺失、补牙（DMFT）指数。评估了参与者的知识和态度与口腔健康指数之间的任何相关性。采用配对 t 检验和 Pearson 相关系数进行统计学分析。
共有 96 名孕妇（平均年龄 29.11±6.80 岁）参加了这项研究。其中 67 人具有中等水平的知识。参与者的知识、态度水平与教育水平之间无显著相关性（p=0.88 和 p=0.43）。此外，知识和态度水平与 GI、PI 和 DMFT 之间也没有相关性（p＞0.05）。
本研究表明，参与研究的孕妇的知识和态度并不理想，她们的口腔卫生需要改善。
