College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
Poult Sci. 2023 Dec;102(12):103094. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103094. Epub 2023 Sep 9.
In the antibiotics-free era, stimbiotic (STB) has been suggested as a new alternative of antibiotic growth promoters to modulate intestinal health via stimulating dietary fiber utilization in poultry production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of STB supplementation in corn- or wheat-basal diet on growth performance, intestinal development, and function of broilers. A total of 512 one-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)broilers were randomly allocated 4 treatments, including corn group (CG), corn + 100 g/t STB (CG + STB), wheat group (WG), wheat + 100 g/t STB (WG + STB). The broilers were weighed at the days of 14, 28, and 42, of which 8 repetitions per treatment were randomly selected to determine the intestinal morphology, intestinal barrier, and cecal microbiota and metabolites. Our data showed that STB increased (P < 0.05) feed intake, body weight and reduced FCR for the overall period (0-42 d). At 28 d of age, significant increases in villus height and the villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (V/C) were found in the STB supplementation groups (P < 0.05). Addition of STB significantly increased intestinal mucosal DAO and AMPK enzyme activity and the gene expression of OCLN, CLDN1, ZO1, MUC2, SGLT1, PEPT1, FABP2, Ghrelin, and GCG in jejunum (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased the expression of the PYY gene. In addition, STB increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Oscillospirales (P < 0.05). A significant increase in cecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) concentration was also observed in the STB supplementation groups. At the cellular level, STB cannot directly increase the expression of small intestinal epithelial cells, and may indirectly improve intestinal barrier function by increasing the level of sodium butyrate. Overall, these results indicated that STB supplementation could improve the growth performance, intestinal development and barrier functions, and fiber fermentation in cecum of broiler chickens.
在无抗生素时代，促生素（STB）被提议作为抗生素生长促进剂的新替代品，通过刺激家禽生产中膳食纤维的利用来调节肠道健康。本研究旨在评估 STB 补充剂在玉米或小麦基础日粮中对肉鸡生长性能、肠道发育和功能的影响。将 512 只 1 日龄的 Arbor Acres（AA）肉鸡随机分配到 4 个处理组，包括玉米组（CG）、玉米+100 g/t STB（CG+STB）、小麦组（WG）、小麦+100 g/t STB（WG+STB）。肉鸡在 14、28 和 42 日龄时称重，其中每个处理组随机选择 8 个重复，以确定肠道形态、肠道屏障和盲肠微生物群和代谢物。我们的数据显示，STB 增加（P<0.05）了整个时期（0-42 天）的饲料摄入量、体重和降低了饲料转化率。在 28 日龄时，STB 补充组的绒毛高度和绒毛高度与隐窝深度比（V/C）显著增加（P<0.05）。添加 STB 显著增加了肠黏膜DAO 和 AMPK 酶活性以及 jejunum 中 OCLN、CLDN1、ZO1、MUC2、SGLT1、PEPT1、FABP2、Ghrelin 和 GCG 的基因表达（P<0.05），并显著降低了 PYY 基因的表达。此外，STB 增加了有益细菌的相对丰度，如 Akkermansia、双歧杆菌和 Oscillospirales（P<0.05）。STB 补充组的盲肠短链脂肪酸（SCFA）浓度也显著增加。在细胞水平上，STB 不能直接增加小肠上皮细胞的表达，可能通过增加丁酸钠水平间接改善肠道屏障功能。总体而言，这些结果表明 STB 补充剂可以改善肉鸡的生长性能、肠道发育和屏障功能以及盲肠纤维发酵。
