Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jan;254(Pt 2):127862. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127862. Epub 2023 Nov 7.
Functionalization of bio-based nanofibers is the development tendency of high-performance air filter. However, the conventional structural optimization strategy based on high solution conductivity greatly hinders the development of fully bio-based air filter, and not conducive to sustainable development. This work fabricated fully bio-based nanofibrous membrane with formaldehyde-adsorbable and antibacterial capabilities by electrospinning low-conductivity solution for high-performance air filtration and applied to lightweight mask. The "water-like" ethyl cellulose (EC) was selected as the base polymer to "nourish" functional materials of gelatin (GE), β-cyclodextrin (βCD), and curcumin (Cur), thus forming a solution system with high binding energy differences and electrospinning into ultrafine bimodal nanofibers. The filtration efficiency for 0.3 μm NaCl particles, pressure drop, and quality factor were 99.25 %, 53 Pa, and 0.092 Pa, respectively; the bacteriostatic rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 99.9 % and 99.4 %, respectively; the formaldehyde adsorption capacity was 442 μg/g. This is the first report on antibacterial and formaldehyde-adsorbable high-performance air filter entirely made from bio-based materials. This simple strategy will greatly broaden the selection of materials for preparing high-performance multifunctional air filter, and promote the development of bio-based air filter.
生物基纳米纤维的功能化是高性能空气过滤器的发展趋势。然而，基于高溶液电导率的传统结构优化策略极大地阻碍了完全生物基空气过滤器的发展，不利于可持续发展。本工作通过静电纺低导电性溶液制备了具有甲醛吸附和抗菌能力的全生物基纳米纤维膜，用于高性能空气过滤，并应用于轻质口罩。选择具有类似“水”性质的乙基纤维素（EC）作为基体聚合物来“滋养”明胶（GE）、β-环糊精（βCD）和姜黄素（Cur）等功能性材料，从而形成具有高结合能差的溶液体系，并将其静电纺成超精细双峰纳米纤维。对 0.3μmNaCl 颗粒的过滤效率、压降和质量因子分别为 99.25%、53Pa 和 0.092Pa；对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别为 99.9%和 99.4%；甲醛吸附容量为 442μg/g。这是第一个完全由生物基材料制备抗菌和甲醛吸附的高性能空气过滤器的报告。这种简单的策略将极大地拓宽制备高性能多功能空气过滤器的材料选择范围，促进生物基空气过滤器的发展。
