Temporal effects in masking and their influence on psychophysical tuning curves.

Psychophysical tuning curves (PTCs) were obtained in simultaneous and forward masking for a 20-ms, 1000-Hz signal presented at 10 dB SL. The signal was presented at the beginning of, at the temporal center of, at the end of, or immediately following a 400-ms masker. The first experiment was done in quiet; the second experiment was done in the presence of two bands of noise on either side of 1000 Hz. The results were similar in quiet and in noise. In simultaneous masking, the PTCs were broadest for the signal at masker onset, and generally sharpest for the signal at temporal center; the differences were largest on the high-frequency side. In most cases, there was virtually no difference in Q10 between the forward-masking PTC and the simultaneous-masking PTC with the signal temporally centered, although the high-frequency slope was always steeper in forward masking. These results indicate that, at least for brief signals, frequency selectivity measured with simultaneous-masking PTCs and the degree of sharpening revealed in forward-masking PTCs depend upon the temporal position of the signal within the simultaneous masker.