Department of Food Processing-Food Technology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Vocational School of Health Services, Ankara, Turkey; AYBU Central Research Laboratory, Application and Research Center, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Univer-sity, Ankara, 06010, Turkey.
Department of Environmental Protection Technologies, Eskişehir Vocational School, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Jan 1;349:119538. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119538. Epub 2023 Nov 9.
Extensive usage of plastic in different industries and household usage has degraded to microplastic due to environmental conditions over the last year. While several researchers conducted the determination of microplastic (MP) bioaccumulation from rivers to stormwater, except for some filter-feeding species used as a bioindicator, to achieve a holistic approach to the fate of MPs in the marine system, sea anemone was used as an indicator. Microplastics were extracted from surface seawater, sediment, and sea anemones from the same sampling area and characterized. The extracted MPs were confirmed by confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy, and the morphology of the MPs was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the accumulation of microplastics and the type of polymer, shape, colour, and size of these persistent pollutants varied in sediment, surface water, and sea anemone. The abundance of MPs was different, and grey-coloured MPs were detected at a relatively higher level in sea anemones, from 8.7 to 13.3%, and more minor MPs (less than 0.5 mm) at 43.4-56.8% were detected in sea anemones among the sampling stations. In terms of polymer type, there are relatively more types of polymers classified in sea anemones among the sampling stations (six different types of polymers). These results indicated that the utilization of sea anemones as a bioindicator for MPs could be a critical factor in a better understanding of their pathway in the marine ecosystem. This study proved that analysing sea anemones as an indicator could offer a reliable, fast, and time-saving approach for detecting microplastic accumulation in marine systems.
由于过去一年的环境条件，不同行业和家庭用途中大量使用的塑料已经降解为微塑料。虽然有几位研究人员对从河流到雨水的微塑料（MP）生物积累进行了测定，但除了一些用作生物指标的滤食性物种外，为了全面了解 MPs 在海洋系统中的命运，海葵被用作指示物。从同一采样区的表层海水、沉积物和海葵中提取微塑料并进行特征描述。通过共焦微拉曼光谱法确认提取的 MPs，并用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究 MPs 的形态。结果表明，微塑料的积累以及这些持久性污染物的聚合物类型、形状、颜色和大小在沉积物、地表水和海葵中有所不同。 MPs 的丰度不同，在海葵中检测到灰色 MPs 的相对水平较高，为 8.7%至 13.3%，在海葵中检测到更多较小的 MPs（小于 0.5 毫米），占 43.4%至 56.8%，在采样站之间。就聚合物类型而言，在采样站之间的海葵中分类的聚合物类型相对较多（六种不同类型的聚合物）。这些结果表明，利用海葵作为 MPs 的生物指示剂可能是更好地了解它们在海洋生态系统中途径的关键因素。本研究证明，分析海葵作为指示物可以为检测海洋系统中微塑料的积累提供一种可靠、快速和节省时间的方法。
