Kotus Józef, Szwoch Grzegorz
Department of Multimedia Systems, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunication and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Nov 1;23(21):8878. doi: 10.3390/s23218878.
This paper presents a new approach to detecting the presence of water on a road surface, employing an acoustic vector sensor. The proposed method is based on sound intensity analysis in the frequency domain. Acoustic events, representing road vehicles, are detected in the sound intensity signals. The direction of the incoming sound is calculated for the individual spectral components of the intensity signal, and the components not originating from the observed road section are discarded. Next, an estimate of the road surface state is calculated from the sound intensity spectrum, and the wet surface detection is performed by comparing the estimate with a threshold. The proposed method was evaluated using sound recordings made in a real-world scenario, and the algorithm results were compared with data from a reference device. The proposed algorithm achieved 89% precision, recall and F score, and it outperforms the traditional approach based on sound pressure analysis. The test results confirm that the proposed method may be used for the detection of water on the road surface with acoustic sensors as an element of a smart city monitoring system.
本文提出了一种利用声学矢量传感器检测路面是否有水的新方法。该方法基于频域中的声强分析。在声强信号中检测代表道路车辆的声学事件。针对强度信号的各个频谱分量计算入射声音的方向，并丢弃并非源自观测路段的分量。接下来，根据声强谱计算路面状态估计值，并通过将该估计值与阈值进行比较来进行湿路面检测。利用在实际场景中录制的声音对所提出的方法进行了评估，并将算法结果与参考设备的数据进行了比较。所提出的算法实现了89%的精确率、召回率和F分数，并且优于基于声压分析的传统方法。测试结果证实，所提出的方法可用于作为智慧城市监测系统的一个组成部分，利用声学传感器检测路面上的水。
