Department of Environmental Sciences, Directorate of Natural Resource Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
College of Engineering, Science and Environment, Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Sep;31(41):53943-53972. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-30636-z. Epub 2023 Nov 14.
Mercury is a global pollutant that poses significant risks to human health and the environment. Natural sources of mercury include volcanic eruptions, while anthropogenic sources include industrial processes, artisanal and small-scale gold mining, and fossil fuel combustion. Contamination can arise through various pathways, such as atmospheric deposition, water and soil contamination, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in food chains. Various remediation strategies, including phytoremediation, bioremediation, chemical oxidation/reduction, and adsorption, have been developed to address mercury pollution, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches. The effectiveness of remediation techniques depends on the nature and extent of contamination and site-specific conditions. This review discusses the challenges associated with mercury pollution and remediation, including the need for effective monitoring and management strategies. Overall, this review offers a comprehensive understanding of mercury contamination and the range of remediation techniques available to mitigate its adverse impacts.
汞是一种全球性污染物，对人类健康和环境构成重大风险。汞的自然来源包括火山爆发，人为来源则包括工业过程、手工和小规模采金以及化石燃料燃烧。污染可能通过多种途径产生，如大气沉降、水和土壤污染、生物累积以及食物链中的生物放大作用。已经开发了各种修复策略，包括植物修复、生物修复、化学氧化/还原和吸附，以解决汞污染问题，包括物理、化学和生物方法。修复技术的有效性取决于污染的性质和程度以及特定地点的条件。本文综述了与汞污染和修复相关的挑战，包括对有效监测和管理策略的需求。总的来说，本文全面介绍了汞污染以及可用的各种修复技术，以减轻其不利影响。
