Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Immunity. 2023 Nov 14;56(11):2555-2569.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.010.
Tumors develop by invoking a supportive environment characterized by aberrant angiogenesis and infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In a transgenic model of breast cancer, we found that TAMs localized to the tumor parenchyma and were smaller than mammary tissue macrophages. TAMs had low activity of the metabolic regulator mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and depletion of negative regulator of mTORC1 signaling, tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1), in TAMs inhibited tumor growth in a manner independent of adaptive lymphocytes. Whereas wild-type TAMs exhibited inflammatory and angiogenic gene expression profiles, TSC1-deficient TAMs had a pro-resolving phenotype. TSC1-deficient TAMs relocated to a perivascular niche, depleted protein C receptor (PROCR)-expressing endovascular endothelial progenitor cells, and rectified the hyperpermeable blood vasculature, causing tumor tissue hypoxia and cancer cell death. TSC1-deficient TAMs were metabolically active and effectively eliminated PROCR-expressing endothelial cells in cell competition experiments. Thus, TAMs exhibit a TSC1-dependent mTORC1-low state, and increasing mTORC1 signaling promotes a pro-resolving state that suppresses tumor growth, defining an innate immune tumor suppression pathway that may be exploited for cancer immunotherapy.
肿瘤通过诱导一种支持性环境来发展,这种环境的特征是异常的血管生成和肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAMs)的浸润。在乳腺癌的转基因模型中,我们发现 TAMs 定位于肿瘤实质中,并且比乳腺组织中的巨噬细胞小。TAMs 中代谢调节剂哺乳动物/雷帕霉素复合物 1(mTORC1)的活性较低,而 mTORC1 信号的负调节剂结节性硬化复合物 1(TSC1)在 TAMs 中的耗竭,以独立于适应性淋巴细胞的方式抑制肿瘤生长。虽然野生型 TAMs 表现出炎症和血管生成基因表达谱,但 TSC1 缺陷型 TAMs 具有促解决的表型。TSC1 缺陷型 TAMs 重新定位到血管周围龛位,耗尽表达蛋白 C 受体(PROCR)的血管内皮祖细胞,并纠正了高通透性的血管,导致肿瘤组织缺氧和癌细胞死亡。TSC1 缺陷型 TAMs 具有代谢活性,并在细胞竞争实验中有效消除表达 PROCR 的内皮细胞。因此,TAMs 表现出 TSC1 依赖性 mTORC1 低状态,增加 mTORC1 信号会促进促解决状态,从而抑制肿瘤生长,定义了一种可能被用于癌症免疫治疗的先天免疫肿瘤抑制途径。
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