Institute of Safety Engineering, Fire University (formerly Main School of Fire Service), 52/54 Slowackiego Street, Warsaw, 01-629, Poland.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2024 Jan;255:114289. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114289. Epub 2023 Nov 15.
Firefighters are frequently exposed to products of combustion and pyrolysis. Exposure to these substances occurs not only during fires but also at fire stations, particularly where fire equipment and fire uniforms are stored after firefighting operations. The aims of this study were to review the research on the concentrations of various air pollutants in fire stations, identify the limitations and strengths of such research, identify research gaps and related future challenges, and highlight potential solutions for reducing firefighter exposure to air pollution at fire stations. A total of 32 articles published in international journals during 1987-2023 were selected for analysis. The most frequently studied pollutants in fire stations were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, particulate matter, and diesel particulate matter. Research was most often conducted on changing rooms and garages. Firefighting equipment, personal protective equipment, fire trucks, and combustion tools were identified as the main sources of pollution at fire stations. Recommendations aimed at reducing the concentration of pollutants in fire stations were mainly concerned with the systematic decontamination of equipment and the introduction of ventilation solutions that would remove exhaust fumes from garages. This in-depth literature review indicates a lack of comprehensive research on the state and quality of air at fire stations. It also highlights the emerging need for more knowledge on the concentrations of air pollutants in fire stations, health exposure related to these substances, and an analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed solutions.
消防员经常接触燃烧和热解产物。这些物质的暴露不仅发生在火灾期间，也发生在消防站，特别是在消防作业后储存消防设备和消防制服的地方。本研究旨在回顾有关消防站中各种空气污染物浓度的研究，确定此类研究的局限性和优势，确定研究空白和相关未来挑战，并强调减少消防员在消防站接触空气污染的潜在解决方案。共选择了 1987 年至 2023 年期间在国际期刊上发表的 32 篇文章进行分析。在消防站中研究最多的污染物是多环芳烃、颗粒物和柴油颗粒物。研究主要集中在更衣室和车库。消防设备、个人防护设备、消防车和燃烧工具被确定为消防站的主要污染源。旨在降低消防站污染物浓度的建议主要涉及设备的系统去污以及引入通风解决方案，以从车库中排出废气。这项深入的文献综述表明，对消防站空气的状况和质量缺乏全面研究。它还强调了对消防站空气中空气污染物浓度、与这些物质有关的健康暴露以及对提出的解决方案的有效性进行分析的新需求。
