Australian Institute of Heath Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Australian Genomics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Nov 20;23(1):1276. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-10053-1.
BACKGROUND: Health care professionals play a central role in offering reproductive genetic carrier screening but face challenges when integrating the offer into practice. The aim of this study was to design, execute, and evaluate theory-informed implementation strategies to support health care professionals in offering carrier screening. METHODS: An exploratory multi-method approach was systematically employed based on the Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF). Implementation strategies were designed by aligning TDF barriers reported by health care professionals involved in a large carrier screening study, to behaviour change techniques combined with study genetic counsellors' experiential knowledge. The strategies were trialled with a subset of health care professionals and evaluated against controls, using findings from questionnaires and interviews with healthcare professionals. The primary outcome measure was the number of couples who initiated enrolment. RESULTS: Health care professionals (n = 151) reported barriers in the TDF Domains of skills, e.g., lack of practice in offering screening, and challenges of environmental context and resources, e.g., lack of time, which informed the design of a skills video and a waiting room poster using the TDF-behaviour change technique linking tool. Following implementation, (Skills video n = 29 vs control n = 31 and Poster n = 46 vs control n = 34) TDF barrier scores decreased across all groups and little change was observed in the primary outcome measure. The skills video, though welcomed by health care professionals, was reportedly too long at seven minutes. The waiting room poster was seen as easily implementable. CONCLUSIONS: As carrier screening moves towards mainstream healthcare, health care professionals report barriers to offering screening. To meet their needs, developing and testing experiential and theory-informed strategies that acknowledge contextual factors are essential.
背景:医疗保健专业人员在提供生殖遗传携带者筛查方面发挥着核心作用,但在将筛查纳入实践时面临挑战。本研究旨在设计、执行和评估基于理论的实施策略,以支持医疗保健专业人员提供携带者筛查。
方法:基于理论领域框架(TDF),系统地采用了一种探索性的多方法方法。通过将参与大型携带者筛查研究的医疗保健专业人员报告的 TDF 障碍与行为改变技术相结合,并结合研究遗传咨询师的经验知识,设计实施策略。这些策略在一组医疗保健专业人员中进行了试验,并与对照组进行了评估,使用医疗保健专业人员的问卷调查和访谈结果。主要观察指标是开始入组的夫妇数量。
结果:医疗保健专业人员(n=151)报告了 TDF 领域的障碍,例如缺乏提供筛查的实践技能,以及环境背景和资源方面的挑战,例如缺乏时间,这为使用 TDF-行为改变技术链接工具设计技能视频和候诊室海报提供了信息。实施后,(技能视频 n=29 与对照组 n=31 和海报 n=46 与对照组 n=34)所有组的 TDF 障碍评分均下降,主要观察指标变化不大。技能视频虽然受到医疗保健专业人员的欢迎,但据报道时长为七分钟过长。候诊室海报被认为易于实施。
结论:随着携带者筛查向主流医疗保健发展,医疗保健专业人员报告了提供筛查的障碍。为满足他们的需求,开发和测试基于经验和理论的策略,承认背景因素至关重要。
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