[Typhoid fever in childhood].

Typhoid fever is an uncommon disease in the Netherlands. Acquisition occurs mainly during holidays in an endemic area. The history of three children, admitted in the summer of 1985, will be discussed, in one of them the disease had a complicated course. A short review of the literature is given, especially regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Cultures of blood, faeces and bone-marrow are essential for diagnosis. Bone marrow culture remains the most effective method for recovery of the causative agent, especially in children who previously were treated with antibiotics. Chloramphenicol still is the drug of choice in treatment. Vaccination with the oral typhoid vaccine of children who intend to visit an endemic area is recommended.