Van Leeuwen C J, Van Hameren P, Bogers M, Griffioen P S
Toxicology. 1986 Dec 1;42(1):33-46. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(86)90090-9.
In short-term static bioaccumulation experiments with 14C-labelled zinc ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (zineb) and zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (ziram) both compounds were rapidly disseminated through the tissues. Whole-body accumulation was low, with bioconcentration factors less than 100. Whole-body elimination was rapid with 45% and 25% of the initial radioactivity from ziram and zineb, respectively, being retained by the end of the 16-day depuration period. Pigmented tissues appeared to be major distribution sites as well. This may be related to the affinity of the compounds and/or their degradation products to melanin or to complexation with phenoloxidase, a copper-containing enzyme involved in melanin synthesis. Autoradiography also revealed a high labelling of thyroid follicles. The results show that dithiocarbamates are selectively localized in various tissues, reported to be the target organs for their toxic action. The observed differences in toxicokinetics between zineb and ziram may, in part, explain the differences in toxicity to fish between ethylenebisdithiocarbamates and dialkyldithiocarbamates.
在使用14C标记的代森锌和福美锌进行的短期静态生物累积实验中，两种化合物均能迅速在组织中扩散。全身累积量较低，生物浓缩系数小于100。全身消除迅速，在16天的净化期结束时，福美锌和代森锌分别有45%和25%的初始放射性被保留。色素沉着组织似乎也是主要的分布部位。这可能与化合物及其降解产物对黑色素的亲和力和/或与酚氧化酶（一种参与黑色素合成的含铜酶）的络合有关。放射自显影还显示甲状腺滤泡有高度标记。结果表明，二硫代氨基甲酸盐选择性地定位于各种组织中，而这些组织据报道是其毒性作用的靶器官。代森锌和福美锌在毒代动力学上观察到的差异可能部分解释了乙撑双二硫代氨基甲酸盐和二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸盐对鱼类毒性的差异。
