在一家三级口腔颌面疼痛诊所中，与就诊和生物心理社会功能相关的职业：一项横断面研究。

Occupations associated with treatment seeking and biopsychosocial functioning at a tertiary orofacial pain clinic: A cross-sectional study.

出版信息

J Am Dent Assoc. 2024 May;155(5):430-444. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.09.021. Epub 2023 Nov 19.

DOI:10.1016/j.adaj.2023.09.021

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11220573/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The aim of this study was to describe whether certain occupations were over- or underrepresented and to compare biopsychosocial functioning by types of occupation and employment status among adults seeking orofacial pain (OFP) treatment.

METHODS

The authors extracted self-reported employment status, occupation, and biopsychosocial functioning from initial appointment records of 444 treatment-seeking adults at a university-affiliated OFP clinic. The authors categorized occupations in major and minor occupational groups according to the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification. The authors compared proportions between their sample and the corresponding state level, using a ratio and 95% CI (1.00 = equal representation in sample vs state, < 1.00 = underrepresentation, > 1.00 = overrepresentation).

RESULTS

Among major occupational categories, health care practitioners and technical occupations were the most common in the study sample (22.4%) and the second most overrepresented (ratio, 3.20; 95% CI, 2.59 to 3.97) after the arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations (ratio, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.15 to 7.26). Among minor occupational categories, teachers and instructors were the most common in the study sample (11.2%) and the most overrepresented (ratio, 90.71; 95% CI, 65.67 to 125.30), followed by managers (ratio, 43.87; 95% CI, 29.61 to 64.99) and photographers (ratio, 40.89; 95% CI, 10.23 to 163.4). No differences were observed in biopsychosocial functioning between major occupational categories. However, those not working due to health reasons or disability had worse biopsychosocial functioning (insomnia, anxiety and depression, life satisfaction, sleep health, pain intensity, pain-related interference; all P < .034) than those who were employed.

CONCLUSIONS

Several occupations are strongly over- and underrepresented among adults seeking OFP treatment. Differences were not explained by biopsychosocial functioning.

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS

Future research should attempt to identify and address the underlying mechanisms of association between occupation and seeking care for OFP.

摘要

背景

本研究旨在描述某些职业是否存在过度或不足的代表性，并比较寻求口腔颌面部疼痛（OFP）治疗的成年人的职业类型和就业状况对生物心理社会功能的影响。

方法

作者从大学附属医院 OFP 诊所的 444 名接受治疗的成年人的初始预约记录中提取了自报的就业状况、职业和生物心理社会功能。作者根据 2018 年标准职业分类法，将职业分为主要职业群体和次要职业群体。作者使用比值和 95%置信区间（1.00=样本与州的代表性相等，<1.00=代表性不足，>1.00=代表性过高）比较了样本和相应州的比例。

结果

在主要职业类别中，卫生保健从业者和技术职业在研究样本中最为常见（22.4%），是仅次于艺术、设计、娱乐、体育和媒体职业（比值为 3.95；95%置信区间，2.15 至 7.26）的第二大过度代表职业（比值为 3.20；95%置信区间，2.59 至 3.97）。在次要职业类别中，教师和讲师在研究样本中最为常见（11.2%），也是最为过度代表的职业（比值为 90.71；95%置信区间，65.67 至 125.30），其次是经理（比值为 43.87；95%置信区间，29.61 至 64.99）和摄影师（比值为 40.89；95%置信区间，10.23 至 163.4）。主要职业类别之间的生物心理社会功能无差异。然而，由于健康原因或残疾而无法工作的人比就业者的生物心理社会功能更差（失眠、焦虑和抑郁、生活满意度、睡眠健康、疼痛强度、疼痛相关干扰；所有 P<0.034）。