Toelsie Jerry R, Morpurgo Frederika, Krishnadath Ingrid, Bipat Robbert
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname.
Department of Pediatrics's, Lands Hospital, Paramaribo, Suriname.
Obes Pillars. 2022 Dec 23;5:100053. doi: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100053. eCollection 2023 Mar.
The number of children with cardiovascular risk factors is increasing steadily. However, limited data are available on the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and hyperglycemia among children in low-middle-income countries with multiethnic populations. Therefore, we assessed these factors in a school-based survey in Suriname, a low-middle-income country.
We invited pupils of 5 and 6 grade visiting the primary school to participate in this survey. We used a questionnaire and face to face interviews, and conducted measurements to collect data on biological factors (ethnicity, sex, length, weight, waist circumference, and fasting blood glucose levels), behavior (frequency of physical activity, breakfast, bedtime, screentime), consumption (fruit and vegetables, snack, dairy products) and social factors (parental education, living area).
Overall, the percentage of children with overweight was 13.9%, obesity 13.3% and for elevated fasting blood glucose level (> 6 mmol/L) 4.5%. In the investigated group of individuals, obesity and overweight were associated with sex (girls showed a lower OR of 0.54 [95%CI: 0.39-0.75] for obesity), ethnicity (Javanese 2.1, 1.5-3.0 for overweight and 5.0, 3.1-8.2 for obesity, Maroon 2.2, 1.2-4.1 and Mixed ethnicity 1.7, 1.1-2.6, for obesity compared to Hindustani), behavior (Skip Breakfast: 1.4, 1.2-1.7, physical activity: 0.8, 0.7-0.9) and maternal education level (high 1.7, 1.0-2.7). Children with elevated fasting blood glucose levels showed an association with obesity (1.8, 1.2-2.7) and waist circumference (1.02, 1.01-1.03).
The results show that there is a high prevalence for overweight, obesity and elevated fasting blood glucose among children in Suriname. Furthermore, during childhood ethnicity is associated with obesity and overweight. We suggest that the modifiable risk factors such as BMI, WC, behavior, consumption are interesting for early intervention in children in a developing country.
患有心血管危险因素的儿童数量正在稳步增加。然而，关于多民族中低收入国家儿童超重、肥胖和高血糖患病率的数据有限。因此，我们在低收入中等收入国家苏里南的一项基于学校的调查中评估了这些因素。
我们邀请了访问这所小学的五年级和六年级学生参加这项调查。我们使用问卷和面对面访谈，并进行测量以收集有关生物因素（种族、性别、身高、体重、腰围和空腹血糖水平）、行为（体育活动频率、早餐、就寝时间、屏幕时间）、消费（水果和蔬菜、零食、乳制品）和社会因素（父母教育程度、居住地区）的数据。
总体而言，超重儿童的百分比为13.9%，肥胖儿童为13.3%，空腹血糖水平升高（>6 mmol/L）的儿童为4.5%。在被调查的个体组中，肥胖和超重与性别（女孩肥胖的OR值较低，为0.54 [95%CI：0.39 - 0.75]）、种族（爪哇人超重的OR值为2.1，1.5 - 3.0，肥胖的OR值为5.0，3.1 - 8.2；与印度斯坦人相比，黑人肥胖的OR值为2.2，1.2 - 4.1，混血种族为1.7，1.1 - 2.6）、行为（不吃早餐：1.4，1.2 - 1.7；体育活动：0.8，0.7 - 0.9）和母亲教育水平（高：1.7，1.0 - 2.7）有关。空腹血糖水平升高的儿童与肥胖（1.8，1.2 - 2.7）和腰围（1.02，1.01 - 1.03）有关。
结果表明，苏里南儿童中超重、肥胖和空腹血糖升高的患病率很高。此外，在儿童时期，种族与肥胖和超重有关。我们建议，诸如BMI、WC、行为、消费等可改变的危险因素对于发展中国家儿童的早期干预很有意义。
