Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
Development. 2023 Nov 15;150(22). doi: 10.1242/dev.201742. Epub 2023 Nov 22.
In mammals, the second X chromosome in females is silenced to enable dosage compensation between XX females and XY males. This essential process involves the formation of a dense chromatin state on the inactive X (Xi) chromosome. There is a wealth of information about the hallmarks of Xi chromatin and the contribution each makes to silencing, leaving the tantalising possibility of learning from this knowledge to potentially remove silencing to treat X-linked diseases in females. Here, we discuss the role of each chromatin feature in the establishment and maintenance of the silent state, which is of crucial relevance for such a goal.
在哺乳动物中，雌性的第二条 X 染色体失活，以使 XX 雌性和 XY 雄性之间的剂量补偿成为可能。这个关键过程涉及到在失活的 X（Xi）染色体上形成一种致密的染色质状态。关于 Xi 染色质的特征以及每个特征对失活的贡献，已经有了大量的信息，这让人不禁想从这些知识中学习，以去除女性中 X 连锁疾病的沉默。在这里，我们讨论了每个染色质特征在建立和维持沉默状态中的作用，这对于实现这一目标至关重要。
