Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Internal Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Womens Health (Lond). 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17455057231213270. doi: 10.1177/17455057231213270.
Swyer syndrome is a condition where individuals with a 46XY karyotype, typically associated with males, display complete gonadal dysgenesis and lack testicular differentiation. This results from a mutation in the SRY gene, which is essential for testis development. As a consequence, affected individuals who appear phenotypically female have male chromosomes but do not develop functional testes. As a result, there is an absence of testosterone that leads to lack of masculinization and the presence of female genitalia. This article describes a 20-year-old female from Pakistan who exhibited primary amenorrhea. On examination, she possessed a typical female physique but lacked breast growth and axillary hair. She had scant pubic hair with female-type external genitalia. The pelvic imaging showed a underdeveloped uterus, along with small ovaries and fallopian tubes. Her karyotype came out to be 46XY. The examination and radiological results indicated Swyer syndrome. During laparoscopy, the patient's uterus was found to be infantile, while the fallopian tubes were healthy. Streak gonads were also present, and due to the risk of gonadoblastoma, they were surgically removed. Hormone replacement therapy was started to induce pubertal development and optimize bone mineral accumulation.
斯维耶综合征是一种 46XY 核型的个体(通常与男性相关)表现出完全性腺发育不良且缺乏睾丸分化的病症。这是由于 SRY 基因突变所致,该基因对于睾丸发育至关重要。因此,表现出女性表型的受影响个体具有男性染色体,但无法发育出功能性睾丸。由于缺乏睾酮,导致其缺乏男性化特征,并呈现女性生殖器。本文描述了一位来自巴基斯坦的 20 岁女性,其表现为原发性闭经。体格检查显示,她具有典型的女性体型,但乳房未发育,也没有腋毛。阴毛稀疏,具有女性型外阴。盆腔影像学显示子宫未发育,同时伴有小的卵巢和输卵管。其核型为 46XY。检查和影像学结果提示为斯维耶综合征。腹腔镜检查发现患者的子宫幼稚,而输卵管健康。还存在索状性腺,由于存在性腺母细胞瘤的风险,因此进行了手术切除。开始激素替代治疗以诱导青春期发育并优化骨矿物质积累。