Radiotherapy Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
Medical Department, Adventia Pharma, Spain.
Nutr Cancer. 2024;76(1):128-136. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2286698. Epub 2023 Dec 27.
This work aims to evaluate the efficacy of nutritional supplementation with a glutamine-enriched oligomeric diet (GEOD) compared to a standard polymeric diet (SPD) in terms of oncology treatment-related diarrhea (OTRD) (frequency and consistency of stools), gastrointestinal toxicity, and functional and nutritional progress.
This prospective cohort study compared two groups of patients with rectal cancer in treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy who were at risk of malnutrition. Patients were randomized to receive either 400 ml of GEOD or of SPD from the start of radiotherapy to 30 days after its completion.
Eighty patients were recruited, 40 per arm. The GEOD arm had improved stool consistency and a greater reduction in the number of stools compared to the SPD arm ( < 0.001). The relative risk (RR) of developing diarrhea in the GEOD arm was 0.059 (95% CI 0.015-0.229). There was a reduced risk of developing intestinal mucositis in the GEOD arm compared to the SPD arm [RR 0.202 (95% CI 0.102 - 0.399)]. The GEOD arm had greater improvements in functional and nutritional status ( < 0.001).
GEOD had a protective effect in terms of the development of gastrointestinal toxicity associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment in patients with rectal cancer.
本研究旨在评估富含谷氨酰胺的寡肽饮食（GEOD）与标准聚合饮食（SPD）在肿瘤治疗相关腹泻（OTRD）（粪便频率和稠度）、胃肠道毒性以及功能和营养进展方面的疗效。
这项前瞻性队列研究比较了两组接受新辅助化疗和放疗的直肠癌患者，这些患者有发生营养不良的风险。患者被随机分配接受从放疗开始到放疗结束后 30 天内每天 400ml 的 GEOD 或 SPD。
共招募了 80 名患者，每组 40 名。与 SPD 组相比，GEOD 组的粪便稠度得到改善，粪便次数减少（ < 0.001）。GEOD 组发生腹泻的相对风险（RR）为 0.059（95%CI 0.015-0.229）。与 SPD 组相比，GEOD 组发生肠道粘膜炎的风险降低[RR 0.202（95%CI 0.102 - 0.399）]。GEOD 组在功能和营养状态方面的改善更大（ < 0.001）。
GEOD 对接受直肠癌化疗和放疗治疗的患者的胃肠道毒性发展具有保护作用。
