Olszewska-Czyz Iwona, Firkova Elena
Department of Periodontology, Prophylaxis and Oral Pathology, Medical Faculty, Jagiellonian University, 31155 Krakow, Poland.
Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Nov 10;11(22):2937. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11222937.
Vitamin K2 (VK2) is an essential co-factor for bone metabolism. There is still very little data regarding possible VK2 relation to periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate any potential link between VK2 serum level and the severity of periodontitis in comparison to a control group of healthy individuals. The trial was performed on 100 patients among whom 50 were diagnosed with periodontitis. The patients underwent full clinical periodontal and radiological examination. The VK2 serum level was assessed using the ELISA kit (Gla-type osteocalcin EIA Kit, Takara, Kusatsu). Patients with periodontitis had mean serum levels of VK2 significantly lower (0.27 ± 0.06 nmol/L; < 0.001) than the control group (0.43 ± 0.09 nmol/L; < 0.001) regardless of the patient's age or sex. The VK2 serum level decreased with the severity of periodontitis with the lowest level in stage IV of the disease (0.19 ± 0.01 nmol/L; < 0.001). Also, a significant drop was noticed between the grades of periodontitis. Individuals with localized forms of the disease had significantly lower VK2 levels (0.26 ± 0.006 nmol/L; < 0.001) in comparison to subjects with generalized periodontitis (0.30 ± 0.01 nmol/L; < 0.001). The VK2 serum levels were also associated with most of the clinical parameters such as bleeding on probing (-0.805, 95% CI: -0.894 to -0.654, < 0.001), attachment loss (-0.752, 95% CI: -0.862 to -0.574, < 0.001), and bone loss (-0.656, 95% CI: -0.801 to -0.439, < 0.001). In the present study, the VK2 serum level was correlated to periodontitis, and its severity, complexity, extension, and grade. The range of VK2 was decreasing together with the worsening of all clinical parameters of periodontitis.
维生素K2（VK2）是骨代谢的必需辅助因子。关于VK2与牙周炎之间可能存在的关系，目前的数据仍然非常少。本研究旨在调查VK2血清水平与牙周炎严重程度之间的潜在联系，并与健康个体的对照组进行比较。该试验对100名患者进行，其中50名被诊断为牙周炎。患者接受了全面的临床牙周和放射学检查。使用ELISA试剂盒（Gla型骨钙素EIA试剂盒，Takara，草津）评估VK2血清水平。无论患者年龄或性别如何，牙周炎患者的VK2平均血清水平（0.27±0.06 nmol/L；<0.001）均显著低于对照组（0.43±0.09 nmol/L；<0.001）。VK2血清水平随牙周炎严重程度的增加而降低，在疾病IV期最低（0.19±0.01 nmol/L；<0.001）。此外，在牙周炎的不同分级之间也观察到了显著下降。与广泛性牙周炎患者（0.30±0.01 nmol/L；<0.001）相比，局限性牙周炎患者的VK2水平显著更低（0.26±0.006 nmol/L；<0.001）。VK2血清水平还与大多数临床参数相关，如探诊出血（-0.805，95%可信区间：-0.894至-0.654，<0.001）、附着丧失（-0.752，95%可信区间：-0.862至-0.574，<0.001）和骨丧失（-0.656，95%可信区间：-0.801至-0.439，<0.001）。在本研究中，VK2血清水平与牙周炎及其严重程度、复杂性、范围和分级相关。随着牙周炎所有临床参数的恶化，VK2的范围也在下降。
