Seniczak Stanisław, Seniczak Anna
Department of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-093 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2318 Elverum, Norway.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Nov 20;13(22):3590. doi: 10.3390/ani13223590.
Berlese, 1913, is a common and abundant oribatid species in peatlands but can be easily mistaken for . Forsslund, 1958, as an adult. Therefore, the identity of adults of . from several sites in Norway and Ireland was supported by the COI sequence data, and based on this material, the morphological ontogeny of this species is described and illustrated to highlight the differences between . and . . In all juvenile stages of . , the bothridial seta is absent, but two pairs of exobothridial setae are present, including short and reduced to its alveolus. In the larva, seta is setiform, but in the nymphs, it is reduced to its alveolus. Most prodorsal and gastronotal setae of larva are short, and of nymphs they are long. In all instars, the leg segments are oval in cross section and relatively thick, and many setae on tarsi are relatively short, thick and conical, except for longer apical setae. Seta accompanies solenidion σ on all genua, φ on tibia I and φ on other tibiae. We found some morphological characters that clearly differentiate . from . , like the number of setae on femora of adults and tritonymphs, the shape of insertions of prodorsal seta and all gastronotal and adanal setae of juveniles; in . , these setae are inserted in small individual depressions, whereas in , these depressions are absent. Our ecological observations confirm a common occurrence of in raised bogs, a high percentage of juvenile stages in its populations and a preference of this species for humid microhabitats, whereas . is less common than . and occurs in drier habitats.
贝氏甲螨（Berlese，1913）是泥炭地中常见且数量众多的甲螨物种，但成年个体很容易被误认为是福氏甲螨（Forsslund，1958）。因此，来自挪威和爱尔兰多个地点的该物种成年个体的身份通过细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）序列数据得到了证实。基于这些材料，描述并说明了该物种的形态个体发育，以突出它与福氏甲螨之间的差异。在该物种的所有幼体阶段，双毛窝刚毛不存在，但有两对毛窝外刚毛，包括短的[具体刚毛名称1]和[具体刚毛名称2]缩短至其窝。在幼虫中，刚毛[具体刚毛名称3]呈刚毛状，但在若虫中，它缩短至其窝。幼虫的大多数前背板和胃背板刚毛较短，而若虫的则较长。在所有龄期，腿节的横截面呈椭圆形且相对较粗，跗节上的许多刚毛相对短、粗且呈锥形，除了较长的顶端刚毛。刚毛[具体刚毛名称4]在所有膝节上与感觉器σ相伴，在第一对胫节上与感觉器φ相伴，在其他胫节上与感觉器φ相伴。我们发现了一些明显区分该物种与福氏甲螨的形态特征，如成年个体和第三若虫股骨上的刚毛数量、前背板刚毛[具体刚毛名称5]的插入形状以及幼体所有胃背板和肛侧刚毛的插入形状；在该物种中，这些刚毛插入小的单个凹陷中，而在福氏甲螨中，这些凹陷不存在。我们的生态观察证实该物种在高位沼泽中普遍存在，其种群中幼体阶段的比例很高，且该物种偏好潮湿的微生境，而福氏甲螨比该物种少见，且出现在较干燥的生境中。
