Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 85-671 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Nov 17;24(22):16457. doi: 10.3390/ijms242216457.
Uniform actin filament length is required for synchronized contraction of skeletal muscle. In myopathies linked to mutations in tropomyosin (Tpm) genes, irregular thin filaments are a common feature, which may result from defects in length maintenance mechanisms. The current work investigated the effects of the myopathy-causing p.R91C variant in Tpm3.12, a tropomyosin isoform expressed in slow-twitch muscle fibers, on the regulation of actin severing and depolymerization by cofilin-2. The affinity of cofilin-2 for F-actin was not significantly changed by either Tpm3.12 or Tpm3.12-R91C, though it increased two-fold in the presence of troponin (without Ca). Saturation of the filament with cofilin-2 removed both Tpm variants from the filament, although Tpm3.12-R91C was more resistant. In the presence of troponin (±Ca), Tpm remained on the filament, even at high cofilin-2 concentrations. Both Tpm3.12 variants inhibited filament severing and depolymerization by cofilin-2. However, the inhibition was more efficient in the presence of Tpm3.12-R91C, indicating that the pathogenic variant impaired cofilin-2-dependent actin filament turnover. Troponin (±Ca) further inhibited but did not completely stop cofilin-2-dependent actin severing and depolymerization.
均匀的肌动蛋白丝长度是骨骼肌同步收缩所必需的。在与原肌球蛋白(Tpm)基因突变相关的肌病中,不规则的细肌丝是一个常见特征,这可能是由于长度维持机制的缺陷所致。目前的工作研究了在慢肌纤维中表达的肌病相关 Tpm3.12 中的 p.R91C 变体对肌球蛋白-2 调节肌动蛋白切断和去聚合的影响。肌球蛋白-2 与 F-肌动蛋白的亲和力不受 Tpm3.12 或 Tpm3.12-R91C 的显著影响,尽管在没有 Ca 的情况下,肌球蛋白-2 的亲和力增加了两倍。肌球蛋白-2 使纤维饱和,尽管 Tpm3.12-R91C 更具抗性,但两种变体都从纤维上脱落。在肌钙蛋白(±Ca)存在下,即使在高肌球蛋白-2 浓度下,Tpm 仍保留在纤维上。两种 Tpm3.12 变体都抑制肌球蛋白-2 依赖性纤维丝切断和去聚合。然而,在存在 Tpm3.12-R91C 的情况下,抑制作用更为有效,表明致病性变体损害了肌球蛋白-2 依赖性肌动蛋白丝周转率。肌钙蛋白(±Ca)进一步抑制但并未完全阻止肌球蛋白-2 依赖性肌动蛋白丝切断和去聚合。