Liu Weijia, Yang Zepeng, Ye Qinxin, Peng Zhaohui, Zhu Shunxi, Chen Honglin, Liu Dinghui, Li Yiding, Deng Liangji, Shu Xiangyang, Huang Han
Institute of Agricultural Bioenvironment and Energy, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China.
Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Nov 7;12(22):3790. doi: 10.3390/plants12223790.
Soil microbial characteristics are considered to be an index for soil quality evaluation. It is generally believed that organic amendments replacing chemical fertilizers have positive effects on changing microbial activity and community structure. However, their effects on different agro-ecosystems on a global scale and their differences in different environmental conditions and experimental durations are unclear. This study performed a meta-analysis based on 94 studies with 204 observations to evaluate the overall effects and their differences in different experimental conditions and duration. The results indicated that compared to chemical fertilizer, organic amendments significantly increased total microbial biomass, bacterial biomass, fungal biomass, Gram-positive bacterial biomass and Gram-negative bacterial biomass, and had no effect on the ratio of fungi to bacteria and ratio of Gram-positive bacteria to Gram-negative bacteria. Meanwhile, land use type, mean annual precipitation and soil initial pH are essential factors affecting microbial activity response. Organic-amendment-induced shifts in microbial biomass can be predominantly explained by soil C and nutrient availability changes. Additionally, we observed positive relationships between microbial functionality and microbial biomass, suggesting that organic-amendment-induced changes in microbial activities improved soil microbial functionality.
土壤微生物特性被视为土壤质量评价的一个指标。人们普遍认为，用有机改良剂替代化肥对改变微生物活性和群落结构具有积极作用。然而，它们在全球范围内对不同农业生态系统的影响以及在不同环境条件和实验持续时间下的差异尚不清楚。本研究基于94项研究的204个观测数据进行了荟萃分析，以评估总体影响及其在不同实验条件和持续时间下的差异。结果表明，与化肥相比，有机改良剂显著增加了微生物总量、细菌生物量、真菌生物量、革兰氏阳性菌生物量和革兰氏阴性菌生物量，且对真菌与细菌的比例以及革兰氏阳性菌与革兰氏阴性菌的比例没有影响。同时，土地利用类型、年平均降水量和土壤初始pH值是影响微生物活性响应的重要因素。有机改良剂引起的微生物生物量变化主要可由土壤碳和养分有效性的变化来解释。此外，我们观察到微生物功能与微生物生物量之间存在正相关关系，这表明有机改良剂引起的微生物活性变化改善了土壤微生物功能。
