Mayor Alfredo, Brokhattingen Nanna, Matambisso Gloria, da Silva Clemente, Vickers Eric Neubauer, Pujol Arnau, Mbeve Henriques, Cistero Pau, Maculuve Sonia, Cuna Boaventura, Melembe Cardoso, Ndimande Nelo, Palmer Brian, García Manuel, Munguambe Humberto, Lopez Julia Montana, Nhamussa Lidia, Simone Wilson, Chidimatembue Arlindo, Galatas Beatriz, Guinovart Caterina, Rovira-Vallbona Eduard, Saute Francisco, Aide Pedro, Aranda-Díaz Andrés, Greenhouse Bryan, Macete Eusebio
Barcelona Institute for Global Health / Manhiça Health Research Centre.
ISGlobal.
Res Sq. 2023 Nov 15:rs.3.rs-3545903. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3545903/v1.
Routine sampling of pregnant women at first antenatal care (ANC) visits could make genomic surveillance more cost-efficient and convenient in sub-Saharan Africa. We compared the genetic structure of parasite populations sampled from 289 first ANC attendees and 93 children from the community in Mozambique between 2015 and 2019. Samples were amplicon sequenced targeting 165 microhaplotypes and 15 drug resistance genes. Metrics of genetic diversity and relatedness, as well as the prevalence of drug resistance markers, were consistent between the two populations. In an area targeted for elimination, intra-host genetic diversity declined in both populations (p=0.002-0.007), while for the ANC population, population genetic diversity was also lower (p=0.0004), and genetic relatedness between infections were higher (p=0.002) than control areas, indicating a recent reduction in the parasite population size. These results highlight the added value of genomic surveillance at ANC clinics to inform about changes in transmission beyond epidemiological data.
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，在首次产前检查（ANC）时对孕妇进行常规采样可使基因组监测更具成本效益且更便捷。我们比较了2015年至2019年间从莫桑比克289名首次参加产前检查的孕妇和93名社区儿童中采集的寄生虫种群的遗传结构。样本针对165个微单倍型和15个耐药基因进行扩增子测序。两个群体在遗传多样性和相关性指标以及耐药标记物患病率方面是一致的。在一个目标为消除疟疾的地区，两个群体的宿主内遗传多样性均下降（p = 0.002 - 0.007），而对于产前检查人群，群体遗传多样性也较低（p = 0.0004），且感染之间的遗传相关性高于对照地区（p = 0.002），这表明寄生虫种群规模最近有所减少。这些结果突出了产前检查诊所基因组监测的附加价值，以了解超越流行病学数据的传播变化情况。
