Visiting scholar, Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Medical resident, Department of Medicine, Moi University Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
R I Med J (2013). 2023 Dec 1;106(11):14-19.
Hyperoxaluria is a clinically relevant metabolic entity that portends a high morbidity burden. Primarily manifesting as kidney stone disease and chronic kidney disease, advanced hyperoxaluria can also affect major organs, including the brain, heart, liver, bone, and the skin. It is categorized based on etiology into primary and secondary hyperoxaluria. Pathology is attributed to excess de novo oxalate production in the former and multifactorial exogenous oxalate absorption or excess intake of its precursors in the latter. Diagnosis often involves demonstrating elevated urinary oxalate levels, especially in patients with normal kidney function. Here in this review, we will perform an in-depth discussion of various causes of hyperoxaluria and describe treatment options. In view of the significant morbidity burden associated with hyperoxaluria, patients could benefit from heightened clinician awareness to aid in the timely diagnosis and management of this condition.
高草酸尿症是一种具有临床意义的代谢实体，预示着较高的发病率负担。主要表现为肾结石病和慢性肾脏病，晚期高草酸尿症还会影响主要器官，包括大脑、心脏、肝脏、骨骼和皮肤。它根据病因分为原发性和继发性高草酸尿症。前者归因于新生成草酸过多，后者归因于多种因素引起的外源性草酸吸收或其前体摄入过多。诊断通常涉及检测尿草酸水平升高，特别是在肾功能正常的患者中。在本综述中，我们将深入讨论高草酸尿症的各种病因，并描述治疗选择。鉴于高草酸尿症与显著的发病率负担相关，提高临床医生的认识可以帮助及时诊断和治疗这种疾病，从而使患者受益。
