Department of Paediatrics, Yancheng No.1 People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
J Int Med Res. 2023 Nov;51(11):3000605231214922. doi: 10.1177/03000605231214922.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) has a high mortality rate due to the widespread organ dysfunction caused by the underlying severe malnutrition. Malnutrition-induced hepatitis is common among individuals with AN especially as body mass index decreases, while acute liver failure and aplastic crisis related to coagulation disease and encephalopathy rarely occur in AN patients. The supervised increase of caloric intake can quickly improve the elevated aminotransferases caused by starvation and aplastic crisis. This current case report describes a 12-year-old adolescent girl who was admitted with a 3-month history of weight loss. Within 3 months, she had lost 10 kg of weight. The girl was diagnosed with AN, acute liver failure, severe malnutrition with emaciation, electrolyte disorder, bradycardia and aplastic crisis. She was gradually supplemented with vitamins and enteral nutrition to avoid refeeding syndrome. After treatment, her liver function and haematopoietic function returned to normal. In conclusion, acute liver failure and aplastic crisis are rare but potentially life-threatening complications of AN, which could be improved by supervised feeding and timely rehydration. AN should be considered as the potential aetiology of acute liver failure and aplastic crisis.
神经性厌食症(AN)的死亡率很高,这是由于潜在的严重营养不良导致广泛的器官功能障碍。营养不良性肝炎在 AN 患者中很常见,尤其是随着体重指数的降低,而与凝血疾病和脑病相关的急性肝衰竭和再生障碍危象在 AN 患者中很少发生。通过监督增加热量摄入可以迅速改善因饥饿和再生障碍危象引起的转氨酶升高。本病例报告描述了一名 12 岁的少女,她因体重减轻 3 个月而入院。在 3 个月内,她体重减轻了 10 公斤。该女孩被诊断为 AN、急性肝衰竭、严重营养不良伴消瘦、电解质紊乱、心动过缓和再生障碍危象。她逐渐补充维生素和肠内营养以避免再喂养综合征。经过治疗,她的肝功能和造血功能恢复正常。总之,急性肝衰竭和再生障碍危象是 AN 的罕见但潜在危及生命的并发症,可以通过监督喂养和及时补液来改善。AN 应被视为急性肝衰竭和再生障碍危象的潜在病因。