Li Xinheng, Cui Yue, Hao Jianhai, Zhou Fei, Wang Yuxiang, Jia Fengdong, Zhang Jian, Xie Feng, Zhong Zhiping
Opt Express. 2023 Nov 6;31(23):38165-38178. doi: 10.1364/OE.505488.
We theoretically and experimentally investigate the Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes (AT) splitting of Rb vapor under the combined influence of a magnetic field and a microwave field. In the presence of static magnetic field, the effect of the microwave field leads to the dressing and splitting of each m state, resulting in multiple spectral peaks in the EIT-AT spectrum. A simplified analytical formula was developed to explain the EIT-AT spectrum in a static magnetic field, and the theoretical calculations agree qualitatively with experimental results. The Rydberg atom microwave electric field sensor performance was enhanced by making use of the splitting interval between the two maximum absolute m states separated by the static magnetic field, which was attributed to the stronger Clebsch-Gordon coefficients between the extreme m states and the frequency detuning of the microwave electric field under the static magnetic field. The traceable measurement limit of weak electric field by EIT-AT splitting method was extended by an order of magnitude, which is promising for precise microwave electric field measurement.
我们在理论和实验上研究了在磁场和微波场的联合影响下铷蒸汽的里德堡电磁诱导透明（EIT）和奥特勒-汤斯（AT）分裂。在存在静磁场的情况下，微波场的作用导致每个m态的缀饰和分裂，从而在EIT-AT光谱中产生多个光谱峰。我们推导了一个简化的解析公式来解释静磁场中的EIT-AT光谱，理论计算与实验结果在定性上相符。利用静磁场分隔的两个最大绝对m态之间的分裂间隔提高了里德堡原子微波电场传感器的性能，这归因于极端m态之间更强的克莱布施-戈尔登系数以及静磁场下微波电场的频率失谐。通过EIT-AT分裂方法对弱电场的可溯源测量极限扩展了一个数量级，这对于精确的微波电场测量很有前景。
