机器人在老年人家庭护理中对家庭护理专业人员工作时间利用的影响：一项非随机对照临床试验。
Effect of robot for medication management on home care professionals' use of working time in older people's home care: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial.
机构信息
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Diaconia University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Dec 2;23(1):1344. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-10367-0.
BACKGROUND
Medication management has a key role in the daily tasks of home care professionals delivered to older clients in home care. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of using a robot for medication management on home care professionals´ use of working time.
METHODS
A pragmatic non-randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. The participants were home care professionals who carried out home care clients' medication management. Home care clients were allocated into intervention groups (IG) and control groups (CG) (n = 64 and 46, respectively) based on whether or not they received the robot. Data were collected using the Working Time Tracking Form prior to and 1 and 2 months after introducing the intervention. The t-test was used to compare the groups at each three timepoints. Analysis of Covariance was used to examine the groups' differences for the total time for medications as the number of visits per day as the covariate.
RESULTS
With robot use, the total amount of home visits decreased by 89.4% and 92.4% after 1 and 2 months of intervention use, respectively, compared to pre-intervention (p < 0.001). The total working time used for medication management considering the number of visits per day decreased from 54.2 min (95% CI 37.4-44.3) to 34.9 min (31.4-38.3), i.e., by slightly over 19 min (p < 0.001) in the IG group. During the follow-up, the total working time used for medication management considering the number of visits per day remained the same in the CG group.
CONCLUSION
Using a robot for medication management had a notable effect on decreasing the use of working time of home care professionals. For health services, decreased use of working time for medication management means that the time saved can be assigned to services that cannot be replaced otherwise. More digital solutions should be developed based on home care clients' and professionals' needs to meet the challenge of the growing number of older people in need of home care and ensure their safety.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05908604 retrospectively registered (18/06/2023).
背景
药物管理在家护专业人员为居家老人提供的日常工作中起着关键作用。本研究旨在考察使用机器人进行药物管理对家庭护理专业人员工作时间的影响。
方法
本研究采用实用型非随机对照临床试验设计。研究对象为负责居家老人药物管理的家庭护理专业人员。根据居家老人是否接受机器人服务，将其分配至干预组（IG）和对照组（CG）（分别为 64 人和 46 人）。在引入干预措施之前、1 个月和 2 个月后，使用工作时间跟踪表收集数据。采用 t 检验比较各组在三个时间点的差异。采用协方差分析，以每天的就诊次数作为协变量，比较两组药物管理的总时间差异。
结果
使用机器人后，干预使用 1 个月和 2 个月后，家庭访问总量分别减少了 89.4%和 92.4%，与干预前相比差异有统计学意义（p<0.001）。考虑每天就诊次数后，IG 组用于药物管理的总工作时间从 54.2 分钟（95%CI 37.4-44.3）减少到 34.9 分钟（31.4-38.3），即减少了 19 分钟以上（p<0.001）。在随访期间，CG 组用于药物管理的总工作时间保持不变。
结论
使用机器人进行药物管理对减少家庭护理专业人员的工作时间有显著效果。对于卫生服务部门而言，药物管理工作时间的减少意味着节省的时间可以用于其他无法替代的服务。应根据居家老人和专业人员的需求开发更多的数字解决方案，以应对需要居家护理的老年人数量不断增加的挑战，确保他们的安全。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT05908604 于 2023 年 6 月 18 日进行了回顾性注册。
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