State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China.
Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 4;24(23):17091. doi: 10.3390/ijms242317091.
Artificial insemination (AI) with liquid-stored semen is the most prevalent and efficient assisted reproduction technique in the modern pork industry. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex component X (PDHX) was demonstrated to be associated with sperm metabolism and affected the boar sperm viability, motility, and fertility. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinases (PDKs) are the key metabolic enzymes that regulate pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) activity and also the conversion from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. In the present study, two PDK inhibitors, Dichloroacetate (DCA) and Phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), were added to an extender and investigated to determine their regulatory roles in liquid-stored boar sperm at 17 °C. The results indicated that PDK1 and PDK3 were predominantly located at the head and flagella of the boar sperm. The addition of 2 mM DCA and 0.5 mM 4-PBA significantly enhanced the sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ATP content. In addition, DCA and 4-PBA exerted their effects by inhibiting PDK1 and PDK3, respectively. In conclusion, DCA and 4-PBA were found to regulate the boar sperm metabolic activities via PDK1 and PDK3. These both can improve the quality parameters of liquid-stored boar sperm, which will help to improve and optimize liquid-stored boar semen after their addition in the extender.
人工授精（AI）使用液态储存的精液是现代养猪业中最普遍和高效的辅助繁殖技术。丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物成分 X（PDHX）已被证明与精子代谢有关，并影响公猪精子的活力、运动能力和生育能力。丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶（PDKs）是调节丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物（PDHC）活性以及糖酵解向氧化磷酸化转化的关键代谢酶。在本研究中，将两种 PDK 抑制剂二氯乙酸（DCA）和苯丁酸钠（4-PBA）添加到稀释液中，并研究其在 17°C 下对液态储存公猪精子的调节作用。结果表明，PDK1 和 PDK3 主要位于公猪精子的头部和鞭毛。添加 2 mM DCA 和 0.5 mM 4-PBA 可显著提高精子的运动能力、质膜完整性（PMI）、线粒体膜电位（MMP）和 ATP 含量。此外，DCA 和 4-PBA 通过抑制 PDK1 和 PDK3 分别发挥作用。总之，DCA 和 4-PBA 被发现通过 PDK1 和 PDK3 来调节公猪精子的代谢活性。这两者都可以提高液态储存公猪精子的质量参数，这将有助于在添加到稀释液后改善和优化液态储存公猪精液。
