Ali Ghazwani Hassan, Saleem Muzher, Haq Fazal
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jazan University, P.O Box 45124, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Karakoram International University Main Campus, Gilgit, 15100, Pakistan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 9;13(1):21813. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-49150-w.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have gained significant attention in the field of fluid dynamics and fluid flows due to their unique properties and the potential to enhance various aspects of fluid transport features. This article explores the behavior of Darcy-Forchheimer flow of Propylene glycol [Formula: see text] submerged single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The flow features are examined over stretched preamble surface of sheet. Energy relation is acquired in manifestation of thermal radiation and Joule heating. Aspects of Arrhenius kinetics and chemical reaction are assimilated in mass transport relation. Furthermore, effects of intermolecular fluid friction is accounted. Flow prevailing mathematical model is acquired by implementing boundary layer assumptions. Transformations procedure is adapted to alter the dimensional model into non-dimensional one and then tackled through Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method (RKF-45) in Mathematica. Effective consequences of influential flow controlling parameters on fluid velocity, thermal transport and concentration are inspected by plotting. Numerical computations for interesting engineering quantities like skin friction coefficient, mass and heat transfer rates are tabulated and investigated. It is noticed that thermal field boosts versus curvature variable, Eckert and Hartmann numbers. Retardation in mass concentration is noticed via Schmidt number and activation energy variable. Velocity field shows decreasing trend through porosity parameter, Hartmann number and Darcy-Forchheimer variable. Furthermore, it is noticed that magnitude of skin friction coefficient is higher for SWCNT as compared to MWCNT.
由于其独特的性质以及增强流体传输特性各个方面的潜力，碳纳米管（CNTs）在流体动力学和流体流动领域受到了广泛关注。本文探讨了丙二醇[化学式：见原文]淹没下单壁碳纳米管（SWCNT）和多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）的达西 - 福希海默流动行为。在拉伸的平板表面上研究流动特性。在考虑热辐射和焦耳热的情况下获得能量关系。在质量传输关系中纳入了阿累尼乌斯动力学和化学反应的方面。此外，考虑了分子间流体摩擦的影响。通过应用边界层假设获得流动的主导数学模型。采用变换过程将尺寸模型转换为无量纲模型，然后在Mathematica中通过龙格 - 库塔 - 费尔贝格方法（RKF - 45）求解。通过绘图检查有影响力的流动控制参数对流体速度、热传输和浓度的有效影响。将诸如表面摩擦系数、质量和传热速率等有趣的工程量的数值计算结果列成表格并进行研究。结果表明，热场随曲率变量、埃克特数和哈特曼数的增加而增强。通过施密特数和活化能变量可以看出质量浓度有所降低。速度场通过孔隙率参数、哈特曼数和达西 - 福希海默变量呈现出下降趋势。此外，还注意到与MWCNT相比，SWCNT的表面摩擦系数更大。
