Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
Disabil Health J. 2024 Apr;17(2):101573. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2023.101573. Epub 2023 Dec 7.
Research has shown high rates of victimization among people with intellectual disabilities (ID), but victimization clusters have been barely explored.
We address the gap by examining how reported victimization experiences are grouped into different classes and identifying differences in the characteristics of the individuals in each class.
We conducted a cross-sectional self-report study with a sample of adults with an ID diagnosis (n = 260). We gathered data about the participants' victimization experiences and socio-demographics, and then subjected the data to latent class analysis (LCA).
Three different classes were detected: High victimization (n = 27, 10.4 %); medium victimization, low sexual (n = 97, 37.3 %); and low victimization (n = 136, 52.3 %). The results highlight the experiences of sexual and physical victimization among the high-victimization class, in which women are overrepresented, and physical victimization among the medium-victimization class. The study also found that experiences of assault and bias attacks occur to a varying extent across all three classes. The LCA and poly-victimization methods showed substantial agreement but also differences when identifying the most victimized participants. In addition, we detected significant differences between classes in gender, type of school attended, place of residence, legal incapacity, type of support needed, secondary disability and poly-victimization status.
We identified distinct underlying ingroup patterns of victimization and sociodemographic inter-class differences that contribute to a better understanding of victimization within the population in question. The results have prevention and intervention implications for caregivers and providers of services for people with ID.
研究表明，智障人士（ID）遭受侵害的比例很高，但侵害集群几乎没有被探索过。
我们通过研究报告的受害经历如何被分组为不同的类别，并确定每个类别的个体特征的差异，来填补这一空白。
我们对 260 名有 ID 诊断的成年人进行了一项横断面自我报告研究。我们收集了参与者受害经历和社会人口统计学的数据，然后对数据进行潜在类别分析（LCA）。
发现了三个不同的类别：高受害（n=27，占 10.4%）；中受害、低性（n=97，占 37.3%）；和低受害（n=136，占 52.3%）。结果突出了高受害类别中存在的性和身体受害经历，其中女性比例过高，以及中受害类别中存在的身体受害经历。该研究还发现，所有三个类别中都存在不同程度的攻击和偏见攻击经历。LCA 和多受害方法在识别最受害的参与者方面表现出相当大的一致性，但也存在差异。此外，我们在性别、所上学校类型、居住地、法律能力、所需支持类型、次要残疾和多受害状态方面发现了各班级之间的显著差异。
我们确定了受害行为和社会人口统计学跨类差异的不同内在群体模式，有助于更好地理解所研究人群中的受害行为。结果对智障人士的护理人员和服务提供者具有预防和干预意义。
