Wang Qian, Zhu Ruifang, Cao Yingzi, Ning Yan, Feng Yaoqing, Feng Yan, Han Shifan
School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Heliyon. 2023 Nov 28;9(12):e22929. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22929. eCollection 2023 Dec.
This study aimed to confirm the efficacy of an intervention based on the information-motivation-behavior skills (IMB) model in improving the sublingual immunotherapy adherence score, medication beliefs score, self-efficacy score, and medication knowledge score of patients with allergic rhinitis.
A total of 120 patients with allergic rhinitis from an otorhinolaryngology clinic were divided into the control group (n = 60) and experimental group (n = 60); the study was conducted from August 2021 to March 2022. The control group received routine intervention, whereas the experimental group received intervention based on the IMB model. The medication adherence, medication beliefs, self-efficacy, and medication knowledge levels of the two groups were evaluated at baseline, post-intervention, at 1-month follow-up, and at 3-month follow-up.
After intervention, a total of 116 patients completed the trial in the experimental and control groups (58 cases each). The results revealed differences in the scores of medication adherence, belief, self-efficacy, and knowledge between the two groups post-intervention, at 1-month follow-up, and at 3-month follow-up (P < 0.05). Further, the scores of the four indexes of the two groups were different with time, and better changes were noted among experimental group participants.
Implementing interventions based on the IMB model for people receiving sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis can effectively improve patients' medication beliefs, self-efficacy, and knowledge of medication, thereby improving their medication adherence, ensuring efficacy, and providing medication care for outpatients.
本研究旨在证实基于信息-动机-行为技能（IMB）模型的干预措施在提高过敏性鼻炎患者舌下免疫治疗依从性评分、用药信念评分、自我效能评分和用药知识评分方面的疗效。
选取某耳鼻喉科门诊的120例过敏性鼻炎患者，分为对照组（n = 60）和实验组（n = 60）；研究于2021年8月至2022年3月进行。对照组接受常规干预，而实验组接受基于IMB模型的干预。在基线、干预后、1个月随访和3个月随访时评估两组的用药依从性、用药信念、自我效能和用药知识水平。
干预后，实验组和对照组共有116例患者完成试验（每组58例）。结果显示，两组在干预后、1个月随访和3个月随访时的用药依从性、信念、自我效能和知识评分存在差异（P < 0.05）。此外，两组四个指标的评分随时间变化，实验组参与者的变化更好。
对接受舌下免疫治疗的过敏性鼻炎患者实施基于IMB模型的干预措施，可有效改善患者的用药信念、自我效能和用药知识，从而提高其用药依从性，确保疗效，并为门诊患者提供用药护理。
