Department of Psychiatry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow.
Center for Diagnosis, Therapy and Education SPECTRUM ASC-MED, Gdansk, Poland.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2024 Mar 1;37(2):71-77. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000913. Epub 2023 Dec 6.
As the specificities of autistic women are increasingly recognized, this review aims to highlight emerging areas of research. These areas primarily focus on measurement bias of diagnostic tools, the physical and mental health of autistic women, and the unique aspects of the lives of autistic women, both personally and professionally across all life stages.
Conventional diagnostic tools struggle to capture the specificities of autism in females, but more sensitive instruments like the GQ-ASC (Girls' Questionnaire for Autism Spectrum Conditions), later also referred to as Q-ASC (Questionnaire for Autism Spectrum Conditions) in the scientific literature, show better performances. Autistic women face particular challenges, including an increased risk of physical and mental health problems throughout their lives as women (puberty, motherhood, menopause). Autistic women also encounter specific difficulties in their employment that require greater consideration.
The findings of this review identify research areas that need to be developed to better understand and support autistic girls and women and to enhance clinical practice for them.
目的综述：随着对女性自闭症患者特异性的认识不断加深，本综述旨在强调新出现的研究领域。这些领域主要集中在诊断工具的测量偏差、自闭症女性的身心健康，以及自闭症女性在个人和职业生活的各个阶段的独特方面。
最新发现：传统的诊断工具难以捕捉女性自闭症的特异性，但更敏感的工具，如 GQ-ASC（自闭症谱系障碍女孩问卷），后来在科学文献中也被称为 Q-ASC（自闭症谱系障碍问卷），表现出更好的性能。自闭症女性面临着特殊的挑战，包括在女性一生中（青春期、母亲身份、更年期）增加身心健康问题的风险。自闭症女性在就业方面也会遇到需要更多考虑的特殊困难。
总结：本综述的结果确定了需要进一步发展的研究领域，以更好地理解和支持自闭症女孩和女性，并为她们的临床实践提供支持。
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