Center for Nutrition Modelling, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaN1G 2W1.
Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2024 Jan 3;102. doi: 10.1093/jas/skad411.
There is a lack of empirical data on the dietary Met requirement, in the presence of Cys or cystine, in adult cats. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the Met requirement, in the presence of excess Cys, in adult cats at maintenance using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique. Six adult neutered male cats were initially selected and started the study. Cats were adapted to the basal diet sufficient in Met (0.24% dry matter, DM) for 14 d prior to being randomly allocated to one of eight dietary levels of Met (0.10%, 0.13%, 0.17%, 0.22%, 0.27%, 0.33%, 0.38%, and 0.43% DM). Different dietary Met concentrations were achieved by supplementing the basal diet with Met solutions. Alanine was additionally included in the solutions to produce isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets. Cats underwent a 2-d adaptation period to each experimental diet prior to each IAAO study day. On IAAO study days, 13 meals were offered corresponding to 75% of each cat's daily food allowance. The remaining 25% of their daily food intake was offered after each IAAO study. A bolus dose of NaH13CO3 (0.44 mg kg-1) and l-[1-13C]-phenylalanine (13C-Phe; 4.8 mg kg-1) were provided in fifth and sixth meals, respectively, followed by a constant dose of 13C-Phe (1.04 mg kg-1) in the next meals. Breath samples were collected and total production of 13CO2 was measured every 25 min through respiration calorimetry chambers. Steady state of 13CO2 achieved over at least three breath collections was used to calculate oxidation of 13C-Phe (F13CO2). Competing models were applied using the NLMIXED procedure in SAS to determine the effects of dietary Met on 13CO2. Two cats were removed from the study as they did not eat all meals, which is required to achieve isotopic steady. A breakpoint for the mean Met requirement, with excess of Cys, was identified at 0.24% DM (22.63 mg kg-1) with an upper 95% confidence limit of 0.40% DM (37.71 mg·kg-1), on an energy density of 4,164 kcal of metabolizable energy/kg DM calculated using the modified Atwater factors. The estimated Met requirement, in the presence of excess of Cys, is higher than the current recommendations proposed by the National Research Council's Nutrient Requirement of Dogs and Cats, the Association of American Feed Control Officials, and the European Pet Food Industry Federation.
关于成年猫在有半胱氨酸或胱氨酸存在时的膳食蛋氨酸需要量,目前还缺乏实证数据。因此,本研究旨在使用指示剂氨基酸氧化(IAAO)技术,确定成年猫在维持需要时的蛋氨酸需要量,同时有过量的半胱氨酸。最初选择了 6 只成年去势雄性猫进行研究。在适应基础日粮 14 天,该日粮蛋氨酸含量充足(占干物质的 0.24%)后,这些猫被随机分配到 8 种不同蛋氨酸水平的日粮中(0.10%、0.13%、0.17%、0.22%、0.27%、0.33%、0.38%和 0.43%DM)。通过在基础日粮中添加蛋氨酸溶液来实现不同的日粮蛋氨酸浓度。在溶液中还额外添加丙氨酸,以产生等氮和等能量的日粮。在进行每个 IAAO 研究日之前,每只猫都要先经过为期 2 天的适应期,适应每种实验日粮。在每个 IAAO 研究日,提供 13 餐,相当于每只猫每日食物摄入量的 75%。其余 25%的食物在每次 IAAO 研究后提供。在第五和第六餐中分别给予 NaH13CO3(0.44mgkg-1)和 1-[1-13C]-苯丙氨酸(13C-Phe;4.8mgkg-1)的单次剂量,然后在接下来的几餐中持续给予 13C-Phe(1.04mgkg-1)。通过呼吸热量计室每 25 分钟收集一次呼吸样本,测量 13CO2 的总产量。通过至少 3 次呼吸收集来测量达到 13CO2 稳定状态,用于计算 13C-Phe 的氧化(F13CO2)。使用 SAS 中的 NLMIXED 程序应用竞争模型来确定膳食蛋氨酸对 13CO2 的影响。有 2 只猫由于没有吃完所有的食物而被从研究中剔除,这是达到同位素稳定所必需的。在能量密度为 4164kcal 可代谢能/kg DM 的情况下,根据改良的阿特沃特因子计算,在有过量半胱氨酸的情况下,蛋氨酸的需求拐点出现在 0.24%DM(22.63mgkg-1),95%置信上限为 0.40%DM(37.71mg·kg-1)。根据美国国家研究委员会犬猫营养需求、美国饲料控制官员协会和欧洲宠物食品工业联合会提出的建议,这种情况下蛋氨酸的需要量估计高于目前的推荐量。