Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Procter & Gamble Co., Pet Care, Mason, OH.
J Anim Sci. 2018 Jul 28;96(8):3112-3120. doi: 10.1093/jas/sky208.
We have previously determined phenylalanine (Phe) requirements in mature dogs; however, little information is available on differences of Phe minimum requirements on different breed sizes. The objective of this study was to determine Phe requirements in adult dogs of three different breed sizes using the direct AA oxidation (DAAO) technique. In total, 12 adult dogs were used, four Miniature Dachshunds (5.3 ± 0.6 Kg BW; 1.8 ± 0.1 years old; mean ± SD), four Beagles (8.3 ± 0.7 Kg BW; 6.7 ± 0.2 years old; mean ± SD), and four Labrador Retrievers (34.9 ± 2.2 Kg BW; 4.4 ± 1.4 years old; mean ± SD). A basal Phe-deficient diet with excess of tyrosine (Tyr) was formulated. Dogs were randomly fed the basal diet supplemented with increasing levels of Phe; the Phe content in the final experimental diets was 0.24, 0.29, 0.34, 0.44, 0.54, 0.64, and 0.74%. After 2 d of adaptation to the experimental diets, dogs underwent individual DAAO studies. During the DAAO studies, total daily feed was divided in 13 equal meals; at the sixth meal, dogs were fed a bolus of L-[1-13C]-Phe (9.40 mg/kg BW), and thereafter, L-[1-13C]-Phe (2.4 mg/kg BW) was supplied with every meal. Total production of 13CO2 (F13CO2) during isotopic steady state was determined by enrichment of 13CO2 in breath samples and total production of CO2 measured using indirect calorimetry. The mean requirement for Phe and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was determined using a two-phase linear regression model. To account for differences in feed intake, requirements were expressed in mg.kg BW-1.d-1. The mean requirement for Phe were 41.9, 41.3, and 42.6, and upper 95% CI of Phe requirements were 57.3, 58.4, and 64.8 mg.kg BW-1.d-1 for Miniature Dachshunds, Beagles, and Labrador Retrievers, respectively. The mean requirement and the upper 95% CI for the pooled data (all dogs) was 45.3 and 55.4 mg.kg BW-1.d-1, respectively. In conclusion, the Phe requirements for different breeds were similar among dog breeds studied. However, Phe recommendations proposed in this study are lower than those proposed by NRC and AAFCO (mg.kg BW-1.d-1).
我们之前已经确定了成熟犬的苯丙氨酸（Phe）需求；然而，关于不同品种大小的 Phe 最低需求差异的信息很少。本研究的目的是使用直接 AA 氧化（DAAO）技术确定三种不同品种大小的成年犬的 Phe 需求。总共使用了 12 只成年犬，4 只迷你杜宾犬（5.3 ± 0.6 公斤 BW；1.8 ± 0.1 岁；平均值 ± SD），4 只比格犬（8.3 ± 0.7 公斤 BW；6.7 ± 0.2 岁；平均值 ± SD）和 4 只拉布拉多猎犬（34.9 ± 2.2 公斤 BW；4.4 ± 1.4 岁；平均值 ± SD）。制定了含有过量酪氨酸（Tyr）的 Phe 缺乏基础饮食。犬随机喂食补充不同水平 Phe 的基础饮食；最终实验饮食中的 Phe 含量为 0.24、0.29、0.34、0.44、0.54、0.64 和 0.74%。适应实验饮食 2 天后，犬进行了个体 DAAO 研究。在 DAAO 研究期间，每日总饲料分为 13 等份餐；第六餐时，犬喂食 L-[1-13C]-Phe（9.40 mg/kg BW），此后，每餐均供应 L-[1-13C]-Phe（2.4 mg/kg BW）。通过富集呼吸样本中的 13CO2 和使用间接测热法测量 CO2 的总产量来确定 13CO2 的同位素稳态总生成量（F13CO2）。使用两段线性回归模型确定 Phe 的平均需求及其 95%置信区间（CI）。为了考虑饲料摄入量的差异，需求以 mg/kg BW-1.d-1 表示。迷你杜宾犬、比格犬和拉布拉多猎犬的 Phe 平均需求分别为 41.9、41.3 和 42.6，Phe 需求的上 95%CI 分别为 57.3、58.4 和 64.8 mg/kg BW-1.d-1。所有犬种的平均需求和上 95%CI 分别为 45.3 和 55.4 mg/kg BW-1.d-1。总之，不同品种犬的 Phe 需求相似。然而，本研究提出的 Phe 建议低于 NRC 和 AAFCO（mg/kg BW-1.d-1）提出的建议。
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