Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Sociology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Soc Sci Med. 2024 Jan;340:116501. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116501. Epub 2023 Dec 12.
Despite a growing body of empirical evidence on the detrimental effects of work-family conflict (WFC) on psychological health, little attention has been given to whether educational mismatch in the workplace, which refers to the perceived level of match between one's attained education and the required educational level for a position, may exacerbate these effects.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between WFC, educational mismatch, and depressive symptoms in Korean working women, with a particular focus on the potential moderating effects of educational mismatch on the association between WFC and depressive symptoms.
The data utilized for this study were collected from 5174 married working women over five waves (16,610 person-observations) of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families spanning 8 years between 2012 and 2020. Fixed effects (FE) models were estimated to account for unobserved individual-level heterogeneity.
FE estimates indicated that WFC is associated with an increase in depressive symptoms, even after accounting for unobserved confounding factors and time-varying covariates. The interaction model provides evidence for the moderating role of educational mismatch in the association between WFC and depressive symptoms. The positive association between WFC and depressive symptoms was more pronounced among those who perceive themselves as "overeducated." The estimated coefficient for the association was about 45% larger for those who perceive themselves as "overeducated" than their "well-matched" counterparts.
The study's findings suggest a robust link between WFC and depressive symptoms and further elaborate on how this association varies depending on educational mismatch. In Korea, where conservative gender role norms of female-caregiver ideology are still prevalent, WFC and educational mismatch can act as double jeopardy, exacerbating the mental health of working women.
背景：尽管越来越多的实证研究表明工作家庭冲突（WFC）对心理健康有不利影响，但很少有人关注工作场所的教育错配，即人们感知到的自身所受教育与岗位所需教育水平之间的匹配程度，是否会加剧这些影响。
目的：本研究旨在探讨 WFC、教育错配与韩国职业女性抑郁症状之间的关系，特别关注教育错配对 WFC 与抑郁症状之间关联的潜在调节作用。
方法：本研究的数据来自于韩国女性家庭纵向调查的 5174 名已婚职业女性，该调查横跨 2012 年至 2020 年共 8 年，收集了 5 个时间点的数据（16610 人次）。采用固定效应（FE）模型来控制未观测到的个体水平异质性。
结果：FE 估计表明，即使考虑到未观测到的混杂因素和时变协变量，WFC 仍与抑郁症状的增加有关。交互模型为 WFC 和抑郁症状之间的关系提供了教育错配的调节作用的证据。在那些认为自己“教育过度”的人群中，WFC 和抑郁症状之间的正相关更为明显。对于那些认为自己“教育过度”的人来说，他们与“匹配良好”的人相比，WFC 和抑郁症状之间的关联的估计系数大约大 45%。
结论：本研究结果表明 WFC 和抑郁症状之间存在强有力的联系，并进一步阐述了这种关联如何因教育错配而有所不同。在韩国，女性照顾者思想的保守性别角色规范仍然盛行，WFC 和教育错配可能会对职业女性的心理健康造成双重打击。
