Jianati Reaila, Liu Xi-Xi, Zhu Xue-Jun
Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China (Zhu X-J, Email:
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2023 Dec 15;25(12):1287-1292. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2307065.
Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), also known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, has complex etiology and pathogenesis which have not been fully clarified. The latest research shows that SARS-CoV-2 and related vaccines, human papilloma vaccine, and certain biological agents can also induce IgAV. Most studies believe that the formation of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) and Gd-IgA1-containing immune complex plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IgAV. It is hypothesized that the pathogenesis of IgAV is associated with the binding of IgA1 to anti-endothelial cell antibodies. In addition, genetics also constitutes a major focus of IgAV research. This article reviews the new advances in the etiology of IgAV and summarizes the role of Gd-IgA1, Gd-IgA1-containing immune complex, anti-endothelial antibody, IgA1 conjugates, T lymphocyte immunity, and genetic factors in the pathogenesis of IgAV.
免疫球蛋白A血管炎（IgAV），也称为过敏性紫癜，其病因和发病机制复杂，尚未完全阐明。最新研究表明，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）及相关疫苗、人乳头瘤病毒疫苗和某些生物制剂也可诱发IgAV。大多数研究认为，缺乏半乳糖的IgA1（Gd-IgA1）和含Gd-IgA1的免疫复合物的形成在IgAV发病机制中起关键作用。据推测，IgAV的发病机制与IgA1与抗内皮细胞抗体的结合有关。此外，遗传学也是IgAV研究的一个主要重点。本文综述了IgAV病因学的新进展，并总结了Gd-IgA1、含Gd-IgA1的免疫复合物、抗内皮抗体、IgA1缀合物、T淋巴细胞免疫和遗传因素在IgAV发病机制中的作用。
