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总统演讲:来自非洲的启示:Ubuntu(仁爱)、团结、尊严、亲情和谦逊。

PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS: Lessons from Africa: Ubuntu, solidarity, dignity, kinship, and humility.

机构信息

Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.

出版信息

Bioethics. 2024 Jan;38(1):5-10. doi: 10.1111/bioe.13253.

Abstract

This paper addresses bioethics in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The Introduction (Section 1) highlights that at the field's inception, infectiousness was not front and center. Instead, infectious disease was widely perceived as having been conquered. This made it possible for bioethicists to center values such as individual autonomy, informed consent, and a statist conception of justice. Section 2 urges shifting to values more fitting for the moment the world is in. To find these, it directs attention to the Global South, and in particular, Africa, and to the values of ubuntu, solidarity, dignity, kinship, and humility. The paper concludes (in Section 3) that 21st-century challenges facing bioethics are increasingly global, and calls on bioethicists themselves to be more globally inclusive in their approaches.

摘要

本文探讨了 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行背景下的生命伦理学问题。引言(第 1 节)强调,在该领域创立之初,传染性并不是首要关注点。相反,传染病被广泛认为已经得到控制。这使得生命伦理学家能够将个人自主性、知情同意和统计正义等价值观作为中心。第 2 节敦促转向更适合当前世界形势的价值观。为了找到这些价值观,它将注意力转向南方国家,特别是非洲,以及乌班图、团结、尊严、亲情和谦逊的价值观。本文在第 3 节中得出结论,生命伦理学面临的 21 世纪挑战日益全球化,并呼吁生命伦理学家在方法上更加具有全球性包容性。

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