Gernez Emeline, Lee Graham Robert, Niguet Jean-Paul, Zerimech Farid, Bennis Anas, Grzych Guillaume
CHU de Lille, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, 59000 Lille, France.
Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland.
Toxics. 2023 Nov 28;11(12):962. doi: 10.3390/toxics11120962.
The recreational use of nitrous oxide (NO), also called laughing gas, has increased significantly in recent years. In 2022, the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) recognized it as one of the most prevalent psychoactive substances used in Europe. Chronic nitrous oxide (NO) exposure can lead to various clinical manifestations. The most frequent symptoms are neurological (sensitive or motor disorders), but there are also other manifestations like psychiatric manifestations or cardiovascular disorders (thrombosis events). NO also affects various neurotransmitter systems, leading to its anesthetic, analgesic, anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. NO is very challenging to measure in biological matrices. Thus, in cases of NO intoxication, indirect biomarkers such as vitamin B12, plasma homocysteine and plasma MMA should be explored for diagnosis and assessment. Others markers, like oxidative stress markers, could be promising but need to be further investigated.
近年来，一氧化二氮（NO），又称笑气，的娱乐性使用显著增加。2022年，欧洲药物和药物成瘾监测中心（EMCDDA）将其认定为欧洲使用最普遍的精神活性物质之一。长期接触一氧化二氮（NO）会导致各种临床表现。最常见的症状是神经系统症状（感觉或运动障碍），但也有其他表现，如精神症状或心血管疾病（血栓形成事件）。NO还会影响各种神经递质系统，从而产生其麻醉、镇痛、抗焦虑和抗抑郁特性。在生物基质中测量NO极具挑战性。因此，在一氧化二氮中毒的情况下，应探索维生素B12、血浆同型半胱氨酸和血浆甲基丙二酸等间接生物标志物用于诊断和评估。其他标志物，如氧化应激标志物，可能很有前景，但需要进一步研究。
