More than 200 hydatid cysts in the lung with a large number of daughter cysts: A rare case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE

Hydatid cysts are a parasitic disease that occurs when humans ingest contaminated food or water containing parasitic eggs. It is a common disease worldwide, especially in cattle breeding areas. In rare cases, the primary cysts contain daughter cysts inside them, as seen in this case.

CASE PRESENTATION

We report a 28-year-old rural woman who presented with a history of sputum-producing cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and pain in the right side of the chest. The chest-abdomen-pelvis MSCT revealed a large number of cysts (more than 200 cysts) with daughter cysts inside them in the right lung and mediastinum. The cysts were surgically resected. After surgery, albendazole 200 mg twice a day was prescribed, with monitoring of liver function.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION

In the lungs, hydatid cysts are commonly found in the right lung (50 %), left lung (40 %), and may also be bilateral (10 %). The presence of multivesicular cysts in the lung is very rare. There are two hypotheses concerning the daughter cysts' formation. The first one suggests the effect of repeated mechanical trauma, while the other proposes the defensive mechanism of the patient. Diagnosis of the hydatid cysts in the lung is primarily through radiographic investigations such as Chest X-ray and CT scan. Surgery is still the main method to manage pulmonary hydatid cysts.

CONCLUSION

Although rare, multivesicular hydatid cysts in the lung should be considered, as they can mimic other diseases such as tumors and can cause an embolus in the pulmonary artery.