Riccio Amanda Vallone, Costa Barbara Kolecha, Alonso Maria Augusta, Affonso Fernanda Jordão, França Danilo Souza, Nichi Marcilio, Belli Carla Bargi, McLean Amy Katherine, Boakari Yatta Linhares, Fernandes Claudia Barbosa
Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil.
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Dec 16;13(24):3878. doi: 10.3390/ani13243878.
After parturition, a rapid transition occurs from the intrauterine to the extrauterine milieu, exposing neonates to physiological circumstances characterized by oxidative conditions that instigate the generation of reactive oxygen species. These free radicals play pivotal roles in physiological processes; however, an imbalance between their production and the removal of antioxidants can result in severe cellular damage. The main objective of this study was to compare the oxidative and antioxidant profiles in mule and horse neonates immediately post-parturition, as well as at subsequent time points (1, 6, 12, and 24 h, 7 and 30 days) during their extrauterine existence. The parameters assessed included the systemic concentrations of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and carbonyl groups; the activities of the antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx); and the levels of the total, indirect, and direct bilirubin. Our results showed no interaction effect between the neonatal groups and the assessed time points for the variables under investigation. Notably, the concentrations of TBARS, as a marker of lipid peroxidation, and bilirubin were consistently lower in the mules, whereas the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity exhibited higher levels in this group. The bilirubin levels were notably reduced in the mule neonates. The TBARS demonstrated a progressive decrease over the observation period in both groups, while the GPx activity remained relatively stable from birth to 7 days, with a substantial increase evident at the 30-day mark. Protein oxidation was not affected by the group and time, while for the SOD values, all times were statistically similar, except for the lower activity at T1h. Consequently, our findings lead us to the conclusion that neonatal mules and horses manifest distinct patterns of oxidative activity and antioxidant capacity during the initial month of their extrauterine existence, potentially indicative of different adaptation mechanisms to the extrauterine environment.
分娩后，新生儿会从子宫内环境迅速过渡到子宫外环境，使其暴露于以氧化状态为特征的生理环境中，这种氧化状态会促使活性氧的产生。这些自由基在生理过程中起着关键作用；然而，它们的产生与抗氧化剂清除之间的失衡会导致严重的细胞损伤。本研究的主要目的是比较骡驹和马驹在产后即刻以及子宫外生存期间随后各时间点（1、6、12和24小时、7天和30天）的氧化和抗氧化特征。评估的参数包括硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）和羰基的全身浓度；抗氧化剂超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的活性；以及总胆红素、间接胆红素和直接胆红素的水平。我们的结果表明，所研究变量在新生动物组和评估时间点之间没有交互作用。值得注意的是，作为脂质过氧化标志物的TBARS浓度和胆红素在骡驹中一直较低，而该组中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性较高。骡驹新生儿的胆红素水平显著降低。两组的TBARS在观察期内均呈逐渐下降趋势，而GPx活性从出生到7天相对稳定，在30天时明显升高。蛋白质氧化不受组和时间的影响，而对于SOD值，除T1h时活性较低外，所有时间在统计学上相似。因此，我们的研究结果使我们得出结论，骡驹和马驹在子宫外生存的最初一个月表现出不同的氧化活性和抗氧化能力模式，这可能表明它们对子宫外环境有不同的适应机制。
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