State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Big Data, Academy of Big Data, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 655508, China.
School of Data Science, Baoshan University, Baoshan 678000, China.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Nov 27;14(12):2141. doi: 10.3390/genes14122141.
The Yunling cattle breed, a three-breed crossbreed, which comprises 50% Brahman cattle, 25% Murray Grey cattle and 25% Yunnan Yellow cattle, has several advantageous traits, including rapid growth, superior meat quality, ability to improve tolerance in hot and humid climates, tick resistance and rough feed. It can be rightfully stated that Yunling cattle serve as vital genetic repositories of the local Yunnan cattle. Gaining insights into the genetic information of Yunling cattle plays a significant role in the formulation of sound breeding strategies for this breed, safeguarding genetic resources and mitigating the risks associated with inbreeding depression. In this study, we constructed the Yunling cattle standard reference genome and aligned the whole genomes of 129 Yunling cattle individuals to the constructed reference genome to estimate the current genetic status of Yunling cattle in Yunnan Province, China. The average alignment rate and the average percentage of properly paired are both 99.72%. The average nucleotide diversity in Yunling cattle is 0.000166, which indicates a lower level of diversity. Population structure analysis classified Yunling cattle into two subgroups. Inbreeding analysis revealed that inbreeding events did occur in the Yunling cattle, which may have contributed to the low genetic diversity observed. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of the genetic structure and diversity among the Yunling cattle and provides a theoretical foundation for the preservation and exploitation of these precious germplasm resources.
云岭牛是一个三品种杂交种，由 50%婆罗门牛、25%墨累灰牛和 25%云南黄牛组成，具有生长速度快、肉质优良、耐热高湿能力强、抗蜱和耐粗饲等优点。可以说，云岭牛是当地云南黄牛的重要遗传资源库。了解云岭牛的遗传信息，对于制定该品种的合理选育策略、保护遗传资源和减轻近交衰退的风险具有重要意义。本研究构建了云岭牛标准参考基因组，并将 129 头云岭牛个体的全基因组与构建的参考基因组进行比对，以评估中国云南省云岭牛的当前遗传状况。平均比对率和正确配对的平均百分比均为 99.72%。云岭牛的平均核苷酸多样性为 0.000166，表明多样性水平较低。群体结构分析将云岭牛分为两个亚群。近交分析表明，云岭牛存在近交事件，这可能导致了观察到的低遗传多样性。本研究全面评估了云岭牛的遗传结构和多样性，为保护和开发这些宝贵的种质资源提供了理论基础。
