Song Dongsheng, Zheng Dingqiang, Li Zhenghui, Wang Chengyu, Li Jian, Zhang Ming
Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China.
Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Dec 14;15(24):4712. doi: 10.3390/polym15244712.
In recent years, the ecosystem has been seriously affected by sewage discharge and oil spill accidents. A series of issues (such as the continuous pollution of the ecological environment and the imminent exhaustion of freshwater resources) are becoming more and more unmanageable, resulting in a crisis of water quality and quantity. Therefore, studies on industrial wastewater purification and solar-driven seawater desalination based on wood composites have been widely considered as an important development direction. This paper comprehensively analyzes and summarizes the applications of wood composites in the fields of solar-driven seawater desalination and polluted water purification. In particular, the present situation of industrial wastewater containing heavy metal ions, microorganisms, aromatic dyes and oil stains and related problems of solar-driven seawater desalination are comprehensively analyzed and summarized. Generally, functional nanomaterials are loaded into the wood cell wall, from which lignin and hemicellulose are selectively removed. Alternatively, functional groups are modified on the basis of the molecular structure of the wood microchannels. Due to its three-dimensional (3D) pore structure and low thermal conductivity, wood is an ideal substrate material for industrial wastewater purification and solar-driven seawater desalination. Based on the study of objective conditions such as the preparation process, modification method and selection of photothermal conversion materials, the performances of the wood composites in filtration, adsorption and seawater desalination are analyzed in detail. In addition, this work points out the problems and possible solutions in applying wood composites to industrial wastewater purification and solar-driven seawater desalination.
近年来，生态系统受到污水排放和石油泄漏事故的严重影响。一系列问题（如生态环境持续污染、淡水资源即将枯竭）变得越来越难以控制，导致水质和水量危机。因此，基于木材复合材料的工业废水净化和太阳能驱动海水淡化研究被广泛认为是一个重要的发展方向。本文全面分析和总结了木材复合材料在太阳能驱动海水淡化和污水净化领域的应用。特别对含重金属离子、微生物、芳香族染料和油污的工业废水现状以及太阳能驱动海水淡化的相关问题进行了全面分析和总结。一般来说，将功能纳米材料负载到木材细胞壁中，从中选择性去除木质素和半纤维素。或者，在木材微通道分子结构的基础上进行官能团修饰。由于木材具有三维（3D）孔隙结构和低导热性，是工业废水净化和太阳能驱动海水淡化的理想基材。基于对制备工艺、改性方法和光热转换材料选择等客观条件的研究，详细分析了木材复合材料在过滤、吸附和海水淡化方面的性能。此外，这项工作指出了将木材复合材料应用于工业废水净化和太阳能驱动海水淡化中存在的问题及可能的解决方案。
