Kumari Sushmita, Chaudhari Jayeshbhai, Huang Qinfeng, Gauger Phillip, De Almeida Marcelo Nunes, Ly Hinh, Liang Yuying, Vu Hiep L X
Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Dec 2;11(12):1806. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11121806.
Pichinde virus (PICV) can infect several animal species and has been developed as a safe and effective vaccine vector. Our previous study showed that pigs vaccinated with a recombinant PICV-vectored vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of an H3N2 influenza A virus of swine (IAV-S) developed virus-neutralizing antibodies and were protected against infection by the homologous H3N2 strain. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a trivalent PICV-vectored vaccine expressing HA antigens from the three co-circulating IAV-S subtypes: H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2. Pigs immunized with the trivalent PICV vaccine developed virus-neutralizing (VN) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies against all three matching IAV-S. Following challenge infection with the H1N1 strain, five of the six pigs vaccinated with the trivalent vaccine had no evidence of IAV-S RNA genomes in nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, while all non-vaccinated control pigs showed high number of copies of IAV-S genomic RNA in these two types of samples. Overall, our results demonstrate that the trivalent PICV-vectored vaccine elicits antibody responses against the three targeted IAV-S strains and provides protection against homologous virus challenges in pigs. Therefore, PICV exhibits the potential to be explored as a viral vector for delivering multiple vaccine antigens in swine.
皮钦德病毒（PICV）可感染多种动物物种，并已被开发成为一种安全有效的疫苗载体。我们之前的研究表明，用表达猪H3N2甲型流感病毒（IAV-S）血凝素（HA）基因的重组PICV载体疫苗接种的猪产生了病毒中和抗体，并受到同源H3N2毒株感染的保护。本研究的目的是评估表达来自三种共同流行的IAV-S亚型（H1N1、H1N2和H3N2）HA抗原的三价PICV载体疫苗的免疫原性和保护效力。用三价PICV疫苗免疫的猪产生了针对所有三种匹配的IAV-S的病毒中和（VN）和血凝抑制（HI）抗体。在用H1N1毒株进行攻毒感染后，接种三价疫苗的6头猪中有5头在鼻拭子和支气管肺泡灌洗液中没有IAV-S RNA基因组的迹象，而所有未接种疫苗的对照猪在这两种类型的样本中都显示出大量的IAV-S基因组RNA拷贝。总体而言，我们的结果表明，三价PICV载体疫苗可引发针对三种目标IAV-S毒株的抗体反应，并为猪提供针对同源病毒攻击的保护。因此，PICV具有作为在猪中递送多种疫苗抗原的病毒载体进行探索的潜力。
