Su Fanyun, Meng Qi, Liu Xiaojian, Yang Wan, Chen Yanxi, Yang Juan, Tang Jingjing, Wang Hui, Ma Yayun, Zhou Xiangyang
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-added Metallurgy, Changsha 410083, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Feb 20;912:169541. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169541. Epub 2023 Dec 21.
With the annual increase in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) disposal, valuable resources are being generated with worrying waste, so it is strategically important to recover the critical metals from them. Individual high temperature or leaching processes do not apparently achieve very satisfactory results. In the present work, the reduction with zinc powder was able to convert the lithium in LiNiCoMnO (NCM) to soluble LiOH, while the reduction and ammonia complexation environment generated by the decomposition of cysteine (Cys) achieved an efficient leaching of transition metals without additional additives. The leaching efficiency of Li can reach more than 92 %, while that of Ni/Co/Mn reaches more than 97 % through the regulation of the parameters of each process. In particular, an in-situ redox mechanism is proposed to explain the efficient leaching of transition metals, which further enriches the theory of spent LIBs recycling and provides a promising idea for various hydrometallurgical extraction systems.
随着锂离子电池（LIBs）处置量的逐年增加，在产生令人担忧的废弃物的同时也产生了宝贵的资源，因此从其中回收关键金属具有重要的战略意义。单独的高温或浸出工艺显然无法取得非常令人满意的结果。在本工作中，用锌粉还原能够将LiNiCoMnO（NCM）中的锂转化为可溶性LiOH，而半胱氨酸（Cys）分解产生的还原和氨络合环境在无额外添加剂的情况下实现了过渡金属的高效浸出。通过对各工艺参数的调控，Li的浸出效率可达92%以上，而Ni/Co/Mn的浸出效率可达97%以上。特别地，提出了一种原位氧化还原机制来解释过渡金属的高效浸出，这进一步丰富了废旧LIBs回收的理论，并为各种湿法冶金提取系统提供了一个有前景的思路。
